Table 3.
Cardiometabolic risk status for individuals with DUP < 1 month.
| Variable | Threshold | N | Total | N | Males | N | Females | p Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 29 | 24.6 (3.9) | 20 | 24.2 (3.6) | 9 | 25.7 (4.6) | 0.362 | ||
| Body Composition | |||||||||
| Weight (kg) | 29 | 83.8 (14.2) | 20 | 84.1 (14.4) | 9 | 83.3 (14.8) | 0.862 | ||
| BMI (kg.m2) | >25.0 | 29 | 27.8 (5.8) | 20 | 26.7 (5.4) | 9 | 30.1 (6.1) | 0.141 | |
| Weight Status (%) | |||||||||
| Underweight | >18.5 kg.m2 | 29 | 2 (6.9%) | 20 | 2 (10.0%) | 9 | 0 | – | |
| Normal | 18.5–24.9 kg.m2 | 29 | 8 (27.6%) | 20 | 7 (35.0%) | 9 | 1 (11.1%) | – | |
| Overweight | 25.0–29.9 kg.m2 | 29 | 10 (34.5%) | 20 | 5 (25.0%) | 9 | 5 (55.6%) | – | |
| Obese | 30.0–34.9 kg.m2 | 29 | 6 (20.7%) | 20 | 5 (25.0%) | 9 | 1 (11.1%) | – | |
| Morbidly Obese | >35.0 kg.m2 | 29 | 3 (10.3%) | 20 | 1 (5.0%) | 9 | 2 (22.2%) | – | |
| Waist Circumference (cm) | 27 | 93.7 (14.1) | 19 | 92.5 (14.4) | 8 | 96.8 (13.7) | 0.478 | ||
| IDF: Acceptable Range
WHO Acceptable Range |
♂ < 94 ♀ < 80 |
27 | 10 (37.0%) | 19 | 10 (52.6%) | 8 | 0 | ||
|
IDF: Elevated WC
WHO: Increased Risk |
♂ > 94 ♀ > 80 |
27 | 3 (11.1%) | 19 | 1 (5.3%) | 8 | 2 (25.0%) | – | |
| WHO: Substantially increased Risk | ♂ > 102 ♀ > 88 | 27 | 14 (51.9%) | 19 | 8 (42.1%) | 8 | 6 (75.0%) | – | |
| Cardiometabolic Measurements | |||||||||
| SBP (mm Hg) | 28 | 125.8 (17.6) | 20 | 130.2 (17.6) | 8 | 115.0 (13.0) | 0.037* | ||
| DBP (mm Hg) | 28 | 84.4 (18.6) | 20 | 86.9 (20.8) | 8 | 78.0 (9.7) | 0.260 | ||
| WHO Prehypertensive (%) | SBP: 120–139 mmHg DBP: 80–89 mm Hg |
28 | 16 (57.1%) | 20 | 9 (45.0%) | 8 | 7 (87.5%) | – | |
| WHO Hypertension (%) | >140/90 mm Hg | 28 | 5 (17.9%) | 20 | 5 (25.0%) | 8 | 0 | – | |
| IDF Hypertension (%) | >130/85 | 28 | 12 (42.9%) | 20 | 10 (50.0%) | 8 | 2 (25.0%) | 0.328 | |
| Resting pulse (beats.min−1) | >80 | 27 | 79.3 (17.8) | 19 | 79.6 (18.4) | 8 | 78.6 (17.4) | 0.902 | |
| Total Cholesterol (mmol. L−1) | ≥5.0 | 26 | 4.5 (0.9) | 18 | 4.4 (0.9) | 8 | 4.5 (0.8) | 0.754 | |
| LDL-C (mmol. L−1) | 12 | 2.7 (0.8) | 8 | 2.7 (0.6) | 4 | 2.8 (1.1) | 0.821 | ||
| HDL-C (mmol. L−1) | ♂ < 1.03 ♀ < 1.29 |
26 | 1.2 (0.3) | 18 | 1.2 (0.3) | 8 | 1.2 (0.3) | 0.796 | |
| Triglyceride (mmol. L−1) | > 1.7 | 12 | 1.7 (1.1) | 8 | 1.8 (1.3) | 4 | 1.3 (0.8) | 0.508 | |
| Dyslipidaemia (%) | number (%) > 1 lipid value above recommended level | 26 | 14 (53.8%) | 18 | 9 (50.0%) | 8 | 5 (62.5%) | 0.644 | |
| FPG (mmol. L−1) | >5.6 | 20 | 5.0 (0.7) | 12 | 4.9 (0.8) | 8 | 5.1 (0.5) | 0.589 | |
| HbA1c (mmol.mol) | >42 (6.0%) | 18 | 37.6 (10.0) | 11 | 39.9 (12.3) | 7 | 34.0 (2.6) | 0.233 | |
| MetS | number (%) that met IDF criteria | 29 | 10 (34.5%) | 20 | 7 (35.0%) | 9 | 3 (33.1%) | 0.945 | |
| Prolactin (mIU/L−1) | ♂ < 424 ♀ < 530 |
22 | 676.5 (883.7) | 14 | 332.9 (218.3) | 8 | 1277.6 (1267.0) | 0.074 | |
| Health Risk Behaviors | |||||||||
| Smoking | Currently smoke or within past 6 months. | 28 | 17 (60.7%) | 19 | 13 (68.4%) | 9 | 4 (44.4%) | 0.174 | |
| Alcohol Use | Any alcohol use | 28 | 12 (42.9%) | 19 | 8 (42.1%) | 9 | 4 (44.4%) | 0.909 | |
| Substance Use | Any recreational drug use | 28 | 4 (14.3%) | 19 | 3 (15.8%) | 9 | 1 (11.1%) | 0.746 | |
| Unhealthy eating | <5 fruits/veg.d−1 | 28 | 15 (53.6%) | 19 | 8 (42.1%) | 9 | 7 (77.8%) | 0.083 | |
| Sedentary Lifestyle | <90 min.wk−1 | 28 | 11 (39.3%) | 19 | 8 (42.1%) | 9 | 3 (33.3%) | 0.663 | |
*p < 0.05.
BMI, body mass index; IDF, International Diabetes Federation; WHO, World Health Organization; WC, waist circumference; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; HDL–C, high density lipoprotein cholesterol; HbA1c, glycated haemoglobin; MetS, metabolic syndrome.