Figure 1.

Diagram of the experimental design demonstrated lower bacteria in the biofilm preparation of mixed bacteria and Candida (bacteria + C. albicans) when compared with single-organism biofilms (A), crystal violet–stained biofilm in 96-well plates from single- and mixed-organisms in the time course evaluation (B), and in the biofilms at 48 h post-incubation with representative pictures of crystal violet stained 96-well plates and the color with acetic acid elution (C) are demonstrated. Mean ± SE was used for data presentation, and the differences between groups were examined for statistical significance by one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s analysis for comparisons of multiple groups or 2 groups (B, C). A p-value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. (Independent triplicate experiments were performed.) (*p<0.05; ^# p<0.05).