Table 4.
Overview of Clinical Trials of Using Exosomes to Treat Female Reproductive System and Breast Cancers
| Cancer | Exosome | Donor Cell | Recipient Cell | Pathway | Function | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Breast CA | miR-23b | mesenchymal stem cells(MSC) | Breast CA cells | inhibiting the target gene MARCKS | therapy | [139] |
| Breast CA | Exosome mimetics (EMs) | MSC | Breast CA cells | As drug delivery vehicles | Therapy | [140] |
| Breast CA | miR-379 | MSC | Breast CA cells | As drug delivery vehicles | Therapy | [138] |
| Ovarian CA | Exosome mimetics (EMs) | Human fat MSC (hAMSC) | Ovarian CA cells | blocking cell cycle and activating mitochondria-mediated apoptosis signal transduction. | Therapy | [141] |
| Ovarian CA | Exosomal proteins | Malignant ascites of ovarian cancer patients | Ovarian CA cells | Presenting tumor-specific antigens | Therapy | [142] |
| Ovarian CA | Exosomal proteins | Malignant ascites of ovarian cancer patients | Ovarian CA cells | The knockdown of Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) and TLR4 blocked NFκB and STAT3 activation | Therapy | [143] |