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. 2020 Nov 30;11:617237. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2020.617237

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Copyright © 2020 Zhu, Zheng, Xu, Wu, Song and Ge.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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TOR pathway regulates reproductive parameters in C. lividipennis females. (A) Number of eggs laid, (B) preoviposition period, and (C) oviposition period for females treated with dsGFP and dsTOR. Histogram shows means ± SEM, and columns labeled with different lowercase letters were significantly difference at p < 0.05 using the Student’s t-test. Each treatment and control were from 15 independent biological replicates. Structural changes were shown in the ovaries of C. lividipennis females subjected to silencing of TOR pathway-related genes at 7 DAE. Representative images from dsGFP-treated control females (D); and dsRheb- (E), dsTOR- (F), and dsS6K- (G) treated females. Reproductive tracts were dissected from at least 10 females from each group and photographed with a Leica DMR connected to a Fuji FinePix S2 Pro digital camera (Tokyo, Japan). Scale bar, 500 μm.