Table 2.
Pooled baseline information of the eligible studies
| CIRT group | PRT group | IMRT group | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cohorts (n) | 8 | 20 | 21 |
| Total patients (n) | 911 | 599 | 772 a |
| Sex (n, %) | |||
| Male | 458 (50.3%) | 338 (56.4%) | 559 (63.1%) b |
| Female | 453 (49.7%) | 261 (43.6%) | 327 (36.9%) b |
| Mean age (range) (year) | 58.1 (53.4‐62.9) | 54.8 (48.4‐61.2) | 58.2 (55.7‐60.7) |
| T4 (n, %) | 625 (68.6%) | 309 (51.6%) | 538 (60.7%) b |
| N status (n, %) | |||
| N0 | 822 (90.2%) | 370 (61.8%) | 572 (64.6%) b |
| N+ | 54 (5.9%) | 85 (14.2%) | 72 (8.1%) b |
| NA | 35 (3.9%) | 144 (24.0%) | 242 (27.3%) b |
| Treatment status (n, %) | |||
| Naive | 807 (88.6%) | 553 (92.3%) | 688 (89.1%) |
| Recurrent | 104 (11.4%) | 46 (7.7%) | 84 (10.9%) |
| Dose range (cGy/GyE) | 57.6‐80.0 | 12.0‐89.6 | 50.4‐79.0 |
| Pathology (n, %) | |||
| MM | 263 (28.9%) | 100 (16.7%) | 36 (4.3%) |
| ACC | 389 (42.7%) | 64 (10.7%) | 89 (10.6%) |
| SCC | 109 (12.0%) | 190 (31.7%) | 262 (31.3%) |
| NEC | 1 (0.1%) | 22 (3.7%) | 13 (1.6%) |
| ONB | 40 (4.4%) | 160 (26.7%) | 45 (5.4%) |
| AC | 46 (5.0%) | 23 (3.8%) | 192 (23.0%) |
| UC | 6 (0.6%) | 14 (2.4%) | 125 (15.0%) |
| MEC | 6 (0.6%) | 5 (0.8%) | 5 (0.6%) |
| Sarcoma | 24 (2.6%) | 0 | 23 (2.8%) |
| NA | 27 (3.0%) | 21 (3.5%) | 45 (5.4%) |
| Total | 911 (100%) | 599 (100%) | 835 (100%) |
| Primary site (n, %) | |||
| Nasal cavity | 299 (32.8%) | 186 (31.1%) | 116 (15.0%) |
| Maxillary sinus | 270 (29.6%) | 108 (18.0%) | 85 (11.0%) |
| Ethmoid sinus | 108 (11.9%) | 50 (8.3%) | 190 (24.6%) |
| Sphenoid sinus | 31 (3.4%) | 20 (3.3%) | 15 (2.0%) |
| Frontal sinus | 9 (1.0%) | 1 (0.2%) | 1 (0.1%) |
| Mixed sites | 81 (8.9%) | 96 (16.0%) | 22 (2.9%) |
| NA | 113 (12.4%) | 138 (23.1%) | 343 (44.4%) |
Abbreviations: AC, adenocarcinoma; ACC, adenoid cystic carcinoma; CIRT, carbon ion radiation therapy; IMRT, intensity‐modulated radiation therapy; MEC, Mucoepidermoid carcinoma; MM, mucosal melanoma; NA, not available; NEC, neuroendocrine carcinoma; ONB, olfactory neuroblastoma; PRT, proton radiation therapy; SCC, squamous cell carcinoma; UC, undifferentiated carcinoma.
a
This number only included patients who received IMRT.
b
The total sample size was 886.