Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of patients with COVID-19.
| Baseline characteristics | IgG positive (N = 154) | IgG negative (N = 33) | P |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, year | 49.1 ± 14.4 | 43.2 ± 12.8 | 0.031* |
| Female Sex, N (%) | 86 (55.8) | 19 (57.6) | 0.856 |
| Incubation period, day | 4.0 (8.0) | 4.0 (7.0) | 0.501 |
| Interval from diagnosis to hospitalization, day | 1.0 (2.3) | 2.0 (3.8) | 0.046* |
| Hospitalization days, day | 21.0 (19.0) | 14.0 (8.5) | <0.001* |
| Exposure to source of transmission | 0.289 | ||
| Contact with Hubei residents, N (%) | 94 (61.0) | 16 (48.5) | |
| Contact with COVID-19 patients, N (%) | 38 (24.7) | 9 (27.3) | |
| Others, N (%) | 22 (14.3) | 8 (24.2) | |
| Severe disease, N (%) | 28 (18.2) | 1 (3.0) | 0.049* |
| Comorbidities | |||
| Any, N (%) | 67 (43.5) | 14 (42.4) | 0.999 |
| Cardiovascular disease, N (%) | 31 (20.1) | 6 (18.2) | 0.799 |
| Diabetes, N (%) | 7 (4.5) | 4 (12.1) | 0.204 |
| Malignancy, N (%) | 3 (1.9) | 0 (0) | 0.999 |
| Chronic respiratory disease, N (%) | 3 (1.9) | 2 (6.0) | 0.463 |
| Chronic kidney disease, N (%) | 2 (1.3) | 0 (0) | 0.999 |
| Chronic liver disease, N (%) | 7 (4.5) | 3 (0.9) | 0.385 |
| Cerebrovascular disease, N (%) | 4 (2.6) | 0 (0) | 0.999 |
| White blood cell counts, 109/L | 5.1 (2.3) | 5.3 (3.4) | 0.225 |
| Ureanitrogen, mmol/L | 3.7 (1.4) | 3.6 (1.4) | 0.234 |
| Creatinine, μmol/L | 60.7 (29.6) | 60.0 (22.6) | 0.565 |
| Procalcitonin > 0.25 μg/L, N (total N) | 62 (100) | 7 (16) | 0.167 |
| Albumin, g/L | 39.7 ± 5.7 | 40.6 ± 3.7 | 0.404 |
| CRP > 10ng/L, N (total N) | 59 (134) | 5 (18) | 0.190 |
| ALT, U/L | 25.0 (23.0) | 18.9 (6.5) | 0.011* |
| AST, U/L | 19.3 (12.7) | 16.6 (7.0) | 0.008* |
| Abnormal chest CT, N (%) | 151 (98.1) | 29 (87.9) | 0.183 |
| Complications | |||
| Any, N (%) | 34 (22.1) | 4 (12.1) | 0.197 |
| ARDS, N (%) | 22 (14.3) | 1 (3.0) | 0.135 |
| Acute cardiac injury, N (%) | 5 (3.2) | 1 (3.0) | 0.999 |
| Septic shock, N (%) | 3 (1.9) | 0 (0) | 0.999 |
| Acute kidney injury, N (%) | 1 (0.6) | 0 (0) | 0.999 |
| Acute liver injury, N (%) | 17 (11.0) | 3 (9.1) | 0.777 |
| Treatments | |||
| Antibiotics, N (%) | 136 (88.3) | 21 (63.6) | 0.001* |
| Mechanical ventilation, N (%) | 13 (8.4) | 0 (0) | 0.129 |
| Systemic glucocorticoids, N (%) | 6 (3.2) | 0 (0) | 0.375 |
| ICU Admission, N (%) | 6 (3.9) | 1 (3.0) | 0.999 |
| IgM positive, N (%) | 35 (22.7) | 0 (0) | 0.001* |
CRP, C-reactive protein; ALT, alanine transaminase; AST, aspartate transaminase; CT, computed tomography; ARDS, acute respiratory distress syndrome; ICU, intensive care unit.
*
P-values < 0.05. Reference range of Procalcitonin, <0.05 μg/L. Reference range of CRP, 0–10 ng/L.