Figure 1.

Effect of taxifolin-rich methanol extract of L. kaempferi extract (LK-ME) on LPS induced NO production in RAW264.7 cells. RAW264.7 cells were stimulated with 100 ng/ml LPS and cultured in medium containing the indicated amounts of LK-ME (A), taxifolin (B), quercetin (C), or luteolin (D) for 24 h. The NO₂ concentrations in the culture supernatants were measured by Griess assay as described in the Materials and Methods section. The taxifolin concentrations at the indicated dilution of LK-ME are given in parentheses. Error bars indicate standard deviation calculated from three independent experiments. The asterisks (∗) and the double asterisks (∗∗) indicate that the difference is larger than two-fold compared with that of the control, and statistically significant; ∗: p < 0.05, ∗∗: p < 0.01.