Table 1.
Patient characteristics at pre-pandemic visit
| Characteristics | N = 81 |
|---|---|
| Age (years), mean (SD) | 59.8 (10.5) |
| Male, n (%) | 75 (92.6) |
| Ethnicity, n (%) | |
| Chinese | 62 (76.5) |
| Malay | 12 (14.8) |
| Indian | 6 (7.4) |
| Others | 1 (1.2) |
| Education, n (%) | |
| Primary (6 years) or less | 13 (16.1) |
| Secondary (up to 11 years) | 35 (43.2) |
| Diploma, university or higher | 33 (40.7) |
| Household earning < S$4000, n (%) | 42 (51.9) |
| Heart problems, n (%) | |
| Coronary artery disease | 56 (69.1) |
| Heart failure | 23 (28.4) |
| Arrhythmia | 12 (14.8) |
| Other heart problems | 6 (7.4) |
| Comorbidities, n (%) | |
| Hypertension | 50 (61.7) |
| Hyperlipidaemia | 49 (60.5) |
| Diabetes | 40 (49.4) |
| Stroke | 9 (11.1) |
| Other* | 40 (49.4) |
| NYHA functional classification, n (%) | |
| I | 45 (55.6) |
| II | 31 (38.3) |
| III | 5 (6.2) |
| Health status using EQ-VAS, mean (SD) | 78.6 (12.6) |
| EQ-5D-3L utility score, mean (SD) | 0.898 (0.20) |
*Includes one or more of the following: chronic lung disease, chronic kidney disease, peripheral vascular disease, cancer, depression/anxiety, chronic liver disease, orthopaedic disorders
SD standard deviation, NYHA New York Heart Association, EQ-VAS EQ-Visual Analogue Scale, EQ-5D-3L 3-level EQ-5D