Interaction between age group and direction of influence (prosocial
vs. selfish) on influence probability. In the top graph, influence
probability is shown as a function of age (treated as a categorical
variable), separately for the two directions of influence. Dots are
the frequencies of trials (%) in which participants changed their
donations and conformed them with those of other donors. The violin
plots represent kernel probability density of the data at different
values (randomly jittered across the x-axis).
Within each age group, the black squares represent the fixed-effects
estimates of influence probability from the trial-level generalized
(logistic) linear mixed model, and error bars show the corresponding
95% confidence intervals. Symbols indicate significant and
marginally significant differences between groups
(†p < .10, *p
< .05, ***p < .001, Bonferroni corrected).
For statistics of all contrasts, see Tables S4a and S4b in the Supplemental Material available online. In the
bottom graph, influence probability is shown as a function of age
(treated as a continuous variable) and direction of influence.
Circles are grand means of trials in which participants adjusted
their donations to the observed donations. Circle area is
proportional to the number of participants; the key shows three
examples for reference. The colored lines shows the overall trends
for the inverse of age as estimated by the generalized linear mixed
model, and the shaded areas are 95% confidence intervals. Asterisks
indicate a significant trend (***p < .001).