Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of patients
| Characteristics | Systolic HBP at baseline, mm Hg | ||||
| <145 | 145–154 | 155–164 | ≥165 | P value | |
| Number of participants | 763 | 699 | 544 | 417 | |
| Women, n | 416 (54.5) | 342 (48.9)* | 275 (50.6) | 202 (48.4) | 0.11 |
| Age, years | 59.3 (10.0) | 59.3 (9.7) | 61.0 (9.8)† | 61.3 (9.5) | 0.0003 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 24.2 (3.5) | 24.2 (3.2) | 24.6 (3.4) | 24.8 (3.2) | 0.0017 |
| Smoking, n | 142 (18.6) | 138 (19.7) | 112 (20.6) | 109 (26.1)* | 0.019 |
| Drinking, n | 347 (45.5) | 344 (49.2) | 270 (49.6) | 211 (50.6) | 0.27 |
| Diabetes mellitus, n | 122 (16.0) | 101 (14.4) | 85 (15.6) | 70 (16.8) | 0.74 |
| Hypercholesterolaemia, n | 399 (52.3) | 372 (53.2) | 287 (52.8) | 203 (48.7) | 0.49 |
| Previous cardiovascular diseases, n | 25 (3.3) | 17 (2.4) | 17 (3.1) | 7 (1.7) | 0.37 |
| HBP | |||||
| Systolic, mm Hg | 139.8 (3.0) | 149.6 (2.9)‡ | 159.4 (2.8)‡ | 171.3 (4.3)‡ | <0.0001 |
| Diastolic, mm Hg | 84.4 (8.4) | 89.8 (8.9)‡ | 92.6 (10.0)‡ | 95.9 (10.9)‡ | <0.0001 |
| Office blood pressure | |||||
| Systolic, mm Hg | 147.7 (15.5) | 153.7 (16.5)‡ | 157.8 (16.5)‡ | 165.4 (17.1)‡ | <0.0001 |
| Diastolic, mm Hg | 87.1 (11.2) | 90.4 (11.8)‡ | 91.1 (12.3) | 94.0 (13.1)§ | <0.0001 |
Values are expressed as the arithmetic mean (SD) or number (%). P values were calculated by an analysis of variance or the χ2 test among the four systolic HBP groups at baseline during pretreatment. For missing values of body mass index (n=40), single imputation with regression on sex and age was conducted.
*Significance of differences from the left adjacent column: p<0.05.
†Significance of differences from the left adjacent column: p<0.01.
‡Significance of differences from the left adjacent column: p<0.0001.
§Significance of differences from the left adjacent column: p<0.001.
HBP, home blood pressure.