Figure 3.

Summary of the hypothesized consequences of increased adult amino acid intake in Heliconius, divided into: (i) changes in the allocation of larval resources, green; (ii) increased longevity and delayed reproductive senescence, yellow; (iii) increases in cyanogenesis, adult distastefulness and aposematism, blue; and (iv) increases in behavioural sophistication and neural elaboration, pink. Solid arrows represent amino acid investment, dashed arrows represent selective pressures, and the zig-zag line represents a developmental trade-off. Footnotes indicate supporting evidence for specific traits or relationships. (Online version in colour.)