Table 1.
Life-history traits of worker honeybees. Nt, number of tagged bees; N, number of analysed bees (at least one exit and entrance sequence), AFE, age at first exit; AOF, age at onset of foraging; LSP, lifespan; s.d., standard deviation (days). Non-forager and forager bees correspond to bees that did not reach the AOF and those that did, respectively.
| Nt | N | all bees |
non foragers | foragers | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AFE | AOF | LSP | LSP | LSP | |||
| site A | |||||||
| April | 300 | 250 | 11.4 ± 4.3 | 19.2 ± 5.1 | 18 ± 9.9 | 11.5 ± 5.4 | 26.9 ± 7.6 |
| May | 300 | 274 | 10 ± 5.3 | 16.4 ± 8.1 | 15.4 ± 9.9 | 10.6 ± 5.8 | 23.5 ± 10.2 |
| June | 150 | 129 | 10.8 ± 5 | 19.7 ± 6.1 | 19.1 ± 11.6 | 11 ± 6.8 | 28.7 ± 8.2 |
| July | 450 | 420 | 17.8 ± 8.5 | 31.4 ± 12.4 | 30.5 ± 17.1 | 17.2 ± 10 | 41 ± 14 |
| August | 450 | 407 | 11 ± 5.7 | 20.3 ± 7.2 | 20.2 ± 12.3 | 11.3 ± 7.6 | 28.9 ± 9.6 |
| September | 450 | 387 | 9.7 ± 5.3 | 18.8 ± 8.6 | 18.7 ± 12.1 | 12.5 ± 8.9 | 27.8 ± 10.1 |
| site B | |||||||
| April | 300 | 260 | 7.2 ± 3.3 | 19.2 ± 4.1 | 20.1 ± 10.8 | 9.3 ± 5.8 | 27.8 ± 5.8 |
| May | 300 | 276 | 8.5 ± 4.5 | 19 ± 4.6 | 20.5 ± 9.3 | 11 ± 6.2 | 25.9 ± 5.7 |
| June | 300 | 247 | 9.3 ± 5.6 | 24.5 ± 8.5 | 16.8 ± 14.1 | 8.3 ± 5 | 33.2 ± 11.2 |
| July | 300 | 272 | 7.8 ± 4.2 | 19.8 ± 5.6 | 20.1 ± 10 | 11.7 ± 7.5 | 26.6 ± 6 |
| August | 300 | 269 | 10.1 ± 4.6 | 19.8 ± 5 | 18 ± 9.8 | 11.6 ± 6.1 | 26.7 ± 6.7 |
| September | 200 | 183 | 8.5 ± 3.9 | 15.2 ± 4.3 | 16.7 ± 7.2 | 13.3 ± 6.2 | 21.7 ± 5.5 |