Table 1.
Study variables by Blastomyces spp., study site, and isolated pulmonary or disseminated disease status.
| B. dermatitidis | B. gilchristii | P value1 | MCHS2 | UWHC3 | P value1 | Isolated pulmonary | Disseminated | P value1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (n=63) | (n=77) | (n=114) | (n=26) | (n=100) | (n=40) | ||||
| n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | ||||
| MCHS2 cases | 41 (65) | 73 (95) | N/A | N/A | 87 (87) | 27 (68) | |||
| UWHC3 cases | 22 (35) | 4 (5) | <0.00001 | N/A | N/A | 13 (13) | 13 (33) | 0.00736 | |
| B. dermatitidis | N/A | N/A | 41 (36) | 22 (85) | 34 (34) | 29 (73) | |||
| B. gilchristii | N/A | N/A | 73 (64) | 4 (15) | <0.00001 | 66 (66) | 11 (28) | 0.00004 | |
| Mean age | 48 | 34 | 0.00008 | 39 | 43 | 39 | 43 | ||
| Sex | |||||||||
| Female | 13 (21) | 32 (42) | 37 (32) | 8 (31) | 32 (32) | 13 (33) | |||
| Male | 50 (79) | 45 (58) | 0.00836 | 77 (68) | 18 (69) | 68 (68) | 27 (68) | ||
| ICC(s)4 | 6 (10) | 3 (4) | 6 (5) | 3 (12) | 7 (7) | 2 (5) | |||
| UMC(s)5 | 42 (67) | 38 (49) | 0.03943 | 65 (57) | 15 (58) | 60 (60) | 20 (50) | ||
| Disease Location | |||||||||
| IsolatedPulmonary | 34 (54) | 66 (86) | 87 (76) | 13 (50) | N/A | N/A | |||
| Disseminated | 29 (46) | 11 (14) | 0.00004 | 27 (24) | 13 (50) | 0.00736 | N/A | N/A | |
| Treatment | |||||||||
| Single drug | 42 (67) | 44 (57) | 76 (67) | 10 (38) | 62 (62) | 24 (60) | |||
| Multiple drugs | 21 (33) | 32 (42) | 37 (32) | 16 (62) | 0.00642 | 37 (37) | 16 (40) | ||
| Unknown | 0 (0) | 1 (1) | 1 (1) | 0 (0) | 1 (1) | 0 (0) | |||
| Antifungal medications | |||||||||
| Amphotericin B | 21 (33) | 24 (31) | 29 (25) | 16 (62) | 0.00038 | 28 (28) | 17 (43) | ||
| Itraconazole | 57 (90) | 73 (95) | 108 (95) | 22 (85) | 94 (94) | 36 (90) | |||
| Voriconazole | 5 (8) | 10 (13) | 9 (8) | 6 (23) | 0.02391 | 11 (11) | 4 (10) | ||
| Fluconazole | 2 (3) | 11 (13) | 13 (11) | 0 (0) | 11 (11) | 2 (5) | |||
| Unknown | 0 (0) | 1 (1) | 1 (1) | 0 (0) | 1 (1) | 0 (0) | |||
| Urine antigen testing | 36 (57) | 39(51) | 51 (45) | 24 (92) | 0.00001 | 53 (53) | 22 (55) | ||
| ≤7 days post diagnosis | 28 (44) | 30 (39) | 38 (33) | 20 (77) | 43 (43) | 15 (38) | |||
| >7 days post diagnosis | 8 (13) | 9 (12) | 13 (11) | 4 (15) | 10 (10) | 7 (18) | |||
| # of tests per case patient | |||||||||
| 1 | 21 (33) | 19 (25) | 31 (27) | 9 (34) | 31 (31) | 9 (23) | |||
| 2-5 | 9 (14) | 10 (13) | 11 (10) | 8 (31) | 11 (11) | 8 (20) | |||
| ≥6 | 6 (10) | 10 (13) | 9 (8) | 7 (27) | 11 (11) | 5 (13) | |||
| Death | 4 (6) | 4 (5) | 5 (4) | 3 (12) | 6 (6) | 2 (5) | |||
Fisher’s exact test (Yates correction) with significance was defined as P <0.05. Age at diagnosis was compared using the one-factor ANOVA test for independent measures.
Marshfield Clinic Health System
University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinic
Immune compromising conditions included the following: HIV/AIDS diagnosis, transplant recipient within one year, currently receiving chemotherapy, and/or currently receiving immunosuppressive therapy for an autoimmune disease
Underlying medical conditions included any ICC(s) listed above and the following conditions: cancer, diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia/hypercholesterolemia, hypothyroidism, COPD, coronary artery disease, asthma, and renal insufficiency/renal failure