Table 2.
Number of workers, number of incident chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) cases, and sub-hazard ratio (SHR) for longest-held industry or occupation1 - 1992 Health and Retirement Study (HRS) cohort2
| Broad Industry or Occupation Group (3-digit 1980 U.S. Census code groups) | Detailed Industry or Occupation Group (3-digit 1980 U.S. Census code groups) | Number in industry or occupation | Estimated population size (x 1,000) | COPD cases | SHR3 (95% Cl) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Industry | |||||
| Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing (010–031) | 226 | 500 | 32 | 0.97 (0.71–1.34) | |
| Mining & Construction (040–060) | 479 | 1,215 | 95 | 1.31 (1.07–1.61) | |
| Mining (040–050) | 48 | 117 | 12 | 2.09 (1.02–4.26) | |
| Construction (060) | 431 | 1,098 | 83 | 1.23 (0.98–1.54) | |
| Manufacturing: Non-durable (100–222) | 669 | 1,613 | 107 | 0.90 (0.73–1.16) | |
| Manufacturing: Durable (230–392) | 951 | 2,421 | 159 | 0.94 (0.77–1.14) | |
| Blast furnaces, steelworks, rolling & finishing mills (270) | 51 | 142 | 13 | 1.89 (1.18–3.61) | |
| Transportation (400–572) | 578 | 1,502 | 80 | 0.93 (0.71–1.21) | |
| Wholesale (500–571) | 275 | 700 | 50 | 1.14 (0.83–1.55) | |
| Groceries & related products (550) | 59 | 144 | 17 | 2.04 (1.27–3.26) | |
| Retail (580–691) | 920 | 2,328 | 170 | 1.01 (0.87–1.18) | |
| Finance, Insurance, & Real Estate (700–712) | 424 | 1,174 | 53 | 0.94 (0.69–1.27) | |
| Business & Repair Services (721–760) | 322 | 815 | 57 | 1.11 (0.84–1.47) | |
| Automotive repair shops (751) | 59 | 145 | 18 | 1.73 (1.02–2.96) | |
| Personal Services (761–791) | 372 | 806 | 64 | 1.03 (0.82, 1.30) | |
| Entertainment & Recreation (800–802) | 81 | 222 | 16 | 1.23 (0.78–1.93) | |
| Professional & Related Services (812–892) | 1,796 | 4,509 | 239 | 0.96 (0.80–1.14) | |
| Public Administration (900) | 481 | 1,234 | 69 | 0.97 (0.75–1.27) | |
| Occupation | |||||
| Managerial specialty operation (003–037) | 1,081 | 2,973 | 135 | 0.88 (0.73–1.06) | |
| Professional specialty operation & technical support (043–235) | 1,124 | 3,031 | 141 | 1.15 (0.95–1.38) | |
| Sales (243–285) | 692 | 1,816 | 114 | 0.99 (0.79–1.24) | |
| Clerical, administrative support (303–389) | 1,185 | 3,195 | 170 | 0.86 (0.72–1.02) | |
| Service: private household, cleaning & building services (403–407) | 108 | 194 | 13 | 0.63 (0.32–1.25) | |
| Service: protection (413–427) | 109 | 279 | 22 | 1.22 (0.77–1.92) | |
| Service: food preparation (433–444) | 258 | 601 | 56 | 1.03 (0.77–1.39) | |
| Health services (445–447) | 189 | 377 | 28 | 0.87 (0.61–1.24) | |
| Personal services (448–469) | 424 | 920 | 72 | 0.93 (0.68–1.26) | |
| Maids & housemen (449) | 67 | 137 | 16 | 1.76 (1.03–3.00) | |
| Farming, forestry, fishing (473–499) | 214 | 467 | 30 | 0.94 (0.68–1.28) | |
| Farm workers (479) | 66 | 111 | 15 | 1.88 (1.09–3.25) | |
| Mechanics & repair (503–549) | 268 | 671 | 56 | 1.44 (1.11–1.87) | |
| Vehicle & mobile equipment mechanics & repairers (505–519) | 133 | 323 | 30 | 1.53 (1.04–2.26) | |
| Construction trade & extractors (553–617) | 270 | 664 | 57 | 1.31 (0.96–1.78) | |
| Precision production (633–699) | 323 | 783 | 59 | 0.97 (0.72–1.31) | |
| Operators: machine (703–799) | 651 | 1,486 | 122 | 1.03 (0.84–1.27) | |
| Operators: transport, etc. (803–859) | 370 | 881 | 59 | 0.88 (0.64–1.21) | |
| Material moving equipment operators (843–859) | 99 | 240 | 22 | 1.58 (1.05–2.38) | |
| Operators: handlers, etc. (863–889) | 220 | 498 | 43 | 1.28 (0.93–1.77) | |
| Laborers, except construction (889) | 46 | 116 | 13 | 2.09 (1.23–3.54) | |
| Member of Armed Forces (900) | 124 | 306 | 20 | 1.16 (0.68–2.00) |
Italics indicate statistically significant results.
CI = confidence interval
Results for all broad industry and occupation groups are shown. Only SHRs that are statistically significant are shown for detailed I/O (3-digit 1980 U.S. Census codes)
Members of 1992 HRs cohort who were employed by 1972 and still working in 1992, had not been diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease at baseline survey, and responded to at least one follow-up survey
Subhazard ratios for incident COPD reported as of 2016 interview adjusted for age group, sex, race, ethnicity, education, household income, and smoking status