Table 1.

Patient Demographic and Clinical Encounter Characteristics Overall and by Antibiotic Group

Characteristic	Overall (n=73), No. (%)	No Antibiotic (n=46), No. (%)	Antibiotic (n=27), No. (%)	P Valuea
Age, y				.067
0–19	6 (8)	5 (11)	1 (4)
20–49	21 (29)	16 (35)	5 (19)
50–59	13 (18)	8 (17)	5 (19)
60–69	10 (14)	4 (9)	6 (22)
70–79	10 (14)	3 (7)	7 (26)
80+	13 (18)	10 (22)	3 (11)
Sex, female	38 (52)	25 (54)	13 (48)	.609
Hispanic or Latinx	13 (18)	9 (20)	4 (15)	.756
Race				.577
White	51 (70)	30 (65)	21 (78)
Black	18 (25)	13 (28)	5 (19)
Other	4 (6)	3 (7)	1 (4)
Medical history
Diabetes	22 (30)	13 (28)	9 (33)	.648
Hypertension	38 (52)	25 (54)	13 (48)	.609
Heart disease	10 (14)	9 (20)	1 (4)	.080
COPD	4 (6)	3 (7)	1 (4)	1.00
Asthma	10 (14)	6 (13)	4 (15)	1.00
Other lung diseaseb	3 (4)	1 (2)	2 (7)	.551
Symptoms
Respiratory	61 (84)	39 (85)	22 (82)	.751
Fever	51 (70)	32 (70)	19 (70)	1.00
GI	37 (51)	24 (52)	13 (48)	.740
Date of COVID test				.522
March	29 (40)	16 (35)	13 (48)
April	26 (36)	18 (39)	8 (30)
May	18 (25)	12 (26)	6 (22)
Clinical score at ED visit/test				.461
1–3	28 (38)	16 (35)	12 (44)
4+	45 (62)	30 (65)	15 (56)
Disposition				.185
Discharged	26 (36)	19 (41)	7 (26)
Admitted	47 (64)	27 (59)	20 (74)
Mortality within 30 d	9 (12)	5 (11)	4 (15)	.718
Intubation/mechanical ventilation	8 (11)	4 (9)	4 (15)	.457
Procalcitonin				.029
≤0.25	35 (78)	22 (92)	13 (62)
>0.25	10 (22)	2 (8)	8 (38)

Note. COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; GI, gastrointestinal; ED, emergency department.

^aComparison of group that had antibiotics prescribed and group that did not have antibiotics prescribed.

^bOther lung disease includes pulmonary fibrosis, cystic fibrosis, bronchiectasis, and pulmonary hypertension.