Table 4.

Association of educational attainment with depressive symptoms in Central and Eastern Europe stratified by sex.

	Men	Women
Low education	Reference
Model 1
Middle education	0.49 (0.43–0.56)**	1.22 (1.04–1.42)*
High education	0.34 (0.28–0.39)**	1.13 (0.92–1.39)
Model 2
Middle education	0.51 (0.45–0.58)**	1.22 (1.05–1.43)*
High education	0.38 (0.32–0.45)**	1.15 (0.94–1.41)
Model 3
Middle education	0.70 (0.61–0.82)**	1.09 (0.91–1.30)
High education	0.64 (0.53–0.78)**	1.06 (0.84–1.32)

Results are odds ratio with 95% confidence intervals derived from logistic regression for the association of educational attainment with depressive symptoms. Model 1: age, sex. Model 2: age, sex, household net worth, employment status, family status, number of children, number of grandchildren. Model 3: age, sex, household net worth, employment status, family status, number of children, number of grandchildren, limitations in instrumental activities of daily living, 10 words delayed recall test, number of chronic diseases, chronic vascular disease, body mass index, physical activity, smoking, excessive alcohol intake, drugs for anxiety/depression, maximal grip strength.

^* p < 0.05.

^** p < 0.001.