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. 2020 Dec 14;11:542. doi: 10.1186/s13287-020-02069-9

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 4 — Neuronal induction. a–c The immunofluorescences profiling (β-III tubulin) of crt-hSCAPs, d-hSCAPs, and RSV-d-hSCAPs. These visualizations have revealed that a neuronal induction medium successfully promotes morphological change of d-hSCAPs and RSV-d-hSCAPs into neuronal-like cells, while the crt-hSCAPs still clearly exhibit as fibroblast-like cells. d The percentage of neuronal differentiation between d-hSCAPs and RSV-d-hSCAPs. Resveratrol pre-treatment efficiently enhances the percentage of differentiated cells from 12.11 ± 5.08 up to 54.71 ± 10.39. Data were expressed as the mean ± SEM; n = 5, ***p < 0.001 compared to crt-hSCAPs, ^###p < 0.001 compared to d-hSCAPs. e–i The genes expression profiling (PAX6, SOX1, NES, TUBB3, and MAP-2) of crt-hSCAPs, d-hSCAPs, and RSV-d-hSCAPs. Resveratrol pre-treatment synergistically promotes the neural progenitor marker gene; the decreasing expression was expressed in PAX6. The increased expression was highly expressed in SOX1 and NES, but not inTUBB3 or MAP-2. Data were expressed as the mean ± SEM; n = 3, *p < 0.05, ***p < 0.001 compared to crt-hSCAPs, ^###p < 0.001 compared to d-hSCAPs. Scale bars: a, b, and c = 100 μm