Table 2.
Family characteristics and HI related information, and enrolment in HI
| Variables | Category | Enrolled in health insurance | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No | Yes | Chi-Square | P-Value | ||||
| N | % | N | % | ||||
| District | Baglung | 122 | 50.0 | 122 | 50.0 | ||
| Kailali | 283 | 50.0 | 283 | 50.0 | |||
| Residence type | Urban | 298 | 49.7 | 302 | 50.3 | 0.103 | 0.748 |
| Rural | 107 | 51.0 | 103 | 49.0 | |||
| Sex of respondents | Male | 186 | 46.9 | 211 | 53.1 | 3.088 | 0.079 |
| Female | 219 | 53.0 | 194 | 47.0 | |||
| Household head | No | 153 | 55.4 | 123 | 44.6 | 4.946 | 0.026 |
| Yes | 252 | 47.2 | 282 | 52.8 | |||
| The age group of respondents | Upto 20 years | 17 | 73.9 | 6 | 26.1 | 29.565 | < 0.001 |
| 21 to 40 years | 270 | 56.0 | 212 | 44.0 | |||
| 41 to 60 years | 95 | 40.8 | 138 | 59.2 | |||
| More than 60 years | 23 | 31.9 | 49 | 68.1 | |||
| Educational status | Illiterate | 27 | 45.0 | 33 | 55.0 | 2.490 | 0.646 |
| Literate | 132 | 53.7 | 114 | 46.3 | |||
| Basic education | 103 | 48.1 | 111 | 51.9 | |||
| Secondary education | 99 | 50.3 | 98 | 49.7 | |||
| Bachelor or above | 44 | 47.3 | 49 | 52.7 | |||
| Type of family | Nuclear | 169 | 50.9 | 163 | 49.1 | 0.184 | 0.668 |
| Joint | 236 | 49.4 | 242 | 50.6 | |||
| Size of family | Upto 5 members | 231 | 50.5 | 226 | 49.5 | 0.935 | 0.626 |
| 6 to 10 members | 166 | 48.8 | 174 | 51.2 | |||
| More than 10 members | 8 | 61.5 | 5 | 38.5 | |||
| Wealth status | Poor | 139 | 51.5 | 131 | 48.5 | 6.163 | 0.046 |
| Middle | 147 | 54.4 | 123 | 45.6 | |||
| Rich | 119 | 44.1 | 151 | 55.9 | |||
| Ability to feed the family throughout the year | No | 197 | 49.9 | 198 | 50.1 | 0.005 | 0.944 |
| Yes | 208 | 50.1 | 207 | 49.9 | |||
| Family member having chronic diseases | No | 292 | 55.1 | 238 | 44.9 | 15.913 | < 0.001 |
| Yes | 113 | 40.4 | 167 | 59.6 | |||
| Heard about health insurance | No | 217 | 95.6 | 10 | 4.4 | 262.260 | < 0.001 |
| Yes | 188 | 32.2 | 395 | 67.8 | |||
| Sources of HI related informationa (n = 583) | Neighbour/Peer | 74 | 31.5 | 161 | 68.5 | 102.328 | < 0.001 |
| Radio/FM | 101 | 35.1 | 187 | 64.9 | |||
| Television | 68 | 31.9 | 145 | 68.1 | |||
| Family members | 17 | 19.8 | 69 | 80.2 | |||
| Health worker/Doctor | 17 | 26.2 | 48 | 73.8 | |||
| Teacher | 17 | 25.8 | 49 | 74.2 | |||
| FCHV | 19 | 23.8 | 61 | 76.3 | |||
| Training/seminar | 6 | 25.0 | 18 | 75.0 | |||
| Enrolment assistant | 86 | 20.8 | 327 | 79.2 | |||
| Print media and others | 4 | 18.2 | 18 | 81.8 | |||
| Knowledge about the contribution amount | No | 238 | 85.6 | 40 | 14.4 | 214.713 | < 0.001 |
| Yes | 167 | 31.4 | 365 | 68.6 | |||
| Having HI related books | No | 382 | 56.7 | 292 | 43.3 | 71.577 | < 0.001 |
| Yes | 23 | 16.9 | 113 | 83.1 | |||
| Participated in HI related training | No | 394 | 51.2 | 376 | 48.8 | 8.521 | 0.004 |
| Yes | 11 | 27.5 | 29 | 72.5 | |||
| Interact with peers or neighbour about HI | No | 335 | 60.8 | 216 | 39.2 | 80.376 | < 0.001 |
| Yes | 70 | 27.0 | 189 | 73.0 | |||
| Known from social media | No | 336 | 51.3 | 319 | 48.7 | 2.306 | 0.129 |
| Yes | 69 | 44.5 | 86 | 55.5 | |||
| Listened HI related information from Radio/FM | No | 259 | 61.1 | 165 | 38.9 | 43.731 | < 0.001 |
| Yes | 146 | 37.8 | 240 | 62.2 | |||
| Watched HI related information in TV | No | 290 | 58.0 | 210 | 42.0 | 33.445 | < 0.001 |
| Yes | 115 | 37.1 | 195 | 62.9 | |||
| Seen hoarding board | No | 335 | 56.4 | 259 | 43.6 | 36.465 | < 0.001 |
| Yes | 70 | 32.4 | 146 | 67.6 | |||
| Read newspaper | No | 367 | 52.1 | 337 | 47.9 | 9.769 | 0.002 |
| Yes | 38 | 35.8 | 68 | 64.2 | |||
| Seen brochure or poster or pamphlet | No | 359 | 53.7 | 309 | 46.3 | 21.348 | < 0.001 |
| Yes | 46 | 32.4 | 96 | 67.6 | |||
Note: a = multiple responses