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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: Female Pelvic Med Reconstr Surg. 2021 Jan 1;27(1):e39–e44. doi: 10.1097/SPV.0000000000000790

Figure 1. Postmenopausal women with a history of recurrent UTI not on vaginal estrogen therapy display increased urothelial cell shedding and inflammatory cell infux in the urine.

Figure 1.

(A) Scant urothelial cell shedding and debris is seen in patients without recurrent urinary tract infections (rUTIs) already on vaginal estrogen therapy (VET). (B) Slightly increased urothelial cell shedding, inflammatory cells, and debris are seen in patients with rUTIs. (C) Patients with rUTIs not on VET demonstrate significantly more urothelial shedding, inflammatory cells, and debris. Black arrow, sloughed urothelium; red arrow head, neutrophils.