TABLE 2.
Perioperative Outcomes Stratified by COVID-19 Status
| COVID-19 Negative | COVID-19 Positive | ||||
| N | (%) | N | (%) | P-value | |
| Operative time (min) | 0.34 | ||||
| Median (IQR) | 83 (44–153) | 69 (46–149) | |||
| ≤60 min | 158 | (36.6) | 16 | (44.4) | |
| 61–120 min | 118 | (27.3) | 10 | (27.8) | |
| 121–180 min | 73 | (16.9) | 2 | (5.6) | |
| >180 min | 83 | (19.2) | 8 | (22.2) | |
| Estimated blood loss | 0.84 | ||||
| Median (IQR) | 20 (5–100) | 15 (5–100) | |||
| <500 cc | 402 | (93.1) | 33 | (91.7) | |
| 500–1000 cc | 23 | (5.3) | 2 | (5.6) | |
| >1000 cc | 5 | (1.2) | 1 | (2.8) | |
| Unknown | 2 | (0.5) | 0 | – | |
| Transfusion | |||||
| Intraoperative | 27 | (6.3) | 6 | (16.7) | 0.02 |
| Postoperative | 34 | (7.9) | 8 | (22.2) | 0.007 |
| Complications | |||||
| Surgical site infection | 4 | (0.9) | 2 | (5.6) | 0.06 |
| Abscess | 3 | (0.7) | 0 | – | 0.79 |
| Myocardial infarction | 0 | – | 1 | (2.8) | 0.08 |
| Cardiac arrest | 5 | (1.2) | 6 | (16.7) | <0.0001 |
| Sepsis/shock | 4 | (0.9) | 5 | (13.9) | 0.0002 |
| Respiratory failure | 11 | (2.6) | 12 | (33.3) | <0.0001 |
| Pneumonia | 12 | (2.8) | 18 | (50.0) | <0.0001 |
| Acute respiratory distress syndrome | 0 | – | 3 | (8.3) | 0.0004 |
| Deep vein thrombosis/pulmonary embolism | 4 | (0.9) | 0 | – | 0.73 |
| Stroke | 1 | (0.2) | 1 | (2.8) | 0.14 |
| Acute kidney injury | 15 | (3.5) | 8 | (22.2) | <0.0001 |
| Serious complication∗ | 26 | (6.0) | 21 | (58.3) | <0.0001 |
| Reoperation | 17 | (3.9) | 1 | (2.8) | 0.36 |
| Oxygen therapy | 65 | (15.1) | 18 | (50.0) | <0.0001 |
| ICU admission | 71 | (16.4) | 13 | (36.1) | 0.004 |
| In hospital mortality | 6 | (1.4) | 6 | (16.7) | <0.0001 |
IQR, Interquartile Range.
∗
Serious complications defined as myocardial infarction, cardiac arrest, sepsis/shock, respiratory failure, stroke, pneumonia, or deep vein thrombosis/pulmonary embolism.