TABLE 3.
Association Between Clinical Characteristics and Adverse Outcomes
| ICU admission | Serious complication | In hospital mortality | ||||
| Unadjusted | Adjusted | Unadjusted | Adjusted | Unadjusted | Adjusted‡ | |
| COVID-19 diagnosis | ||||||
| Negative | Referent | Referent | Referent | Referent | Referent | Referent |
| Positive | 2.20 (1.27–3.79)∗ | 1.34 (0.86–2.09) | 9.69 (9.10–10.32)† | 7.02 (4.96–9.92)† | 12.00 (9.28–15.51)† | 9.29 (5.68–15.21)† |
| Age (yr) | – | 0.99 (0.99–0.99)† | – | 1.00 (1.00–1.01) | – | – |
| Sex | ||||||
| Male | – | Referent | – | Referent | – | – |
| Female | – | 0.74 (0.66–0.84)† | – | 0.82 (0.80–0.85)† | – | – |
| Comorbidity§ | ||||||
| No | – | Referent | – | Referent | – | – |
| Yes | – | 0.87 (0.78–0.98)∗ | – | 1.98 (1.90–2.07)† | – | – |
| Functional status | ||||||
| Independent | – | Referent | – | Referent | – | – |
| Partially/totally dependent | – | 1.19 (0.82–1.75) | – | 1.64 (1.06–2.53)∗ | – | – |
| ASA class | ||||||
| 1–2 | – | Referent | – | Referent | – | Referent |
| 3 | – | 5.37 (4.41–6.54)† | – | 2.60 (1.64–4.13)† | – | 5.22 (0.51–52.91) |
| 4–5 | – | 16.23 (7.23–36.45)† | – | 4.97 (4.12–5.99)† | – | 10.89 (0.87–135.66) |
| Urgency of procedure | ||||||
| Urgent | – | Referent | – | Referent | – | – |
| Emergent | – | 1.44 (1.41–1.48)† | – | 1.62 (1.45–1.81)† | – | – |
∗
P-value <0.05.
†
P-value <0.0001. Values represent risk ratios (95% confidence intervals). Age was included as a continuous variable.
‡
Model failed to converge with additional covariates.
§
Comorbidity includes presence of asthma, COPD, seizure disorder, CVA/TIA, hypertension, coronary artery disease, congestive heart failure, arrhythmia, peripheral vascular disease, cancer, diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, end stage renal disease, organ transplant.