TABLE 1.
Recipient patient characteristics by recipient midodrine use
| Recipient characteristics by midodrine groups | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| None(N = 43) | Midodrine(N = 17) | Total(N = 60) | P | |
| Age at transplant | 0.001a | |||
| Mean (SD) | 52.6 (10.3) | 61.5 (5.5) | 55.2 (10.0) | |
| Median | 54.0 | 62.0 | 58.0 | |
| Q1, Q3 | 44.0, 61.0 | 59.0, 66.0 | 49.5, 63.0 | |
| Gender | 0.346b | |||
| Female | 14 (32.6%) | 3 (17.6%) | 17 (28.3%) | |
| Male | 29 (67.4%) | 14 (82.4%) | 43 (71.7%) | |
| Race | 0.024b | |||
| White | 26 (60.5%) | 15 (88.2%) | 41 (68.3%) | |
| Black | 16 (37.2%) | 1 (5.9%) | 17 (28.3%) | |
| Other | 1 (2.3%) | 1 (5.9%) | 2 (3.3%) | |
| BMI | 0.358a | |||
| Mean (SD) | 28.1 (5.5) | 29.6 (6.3) | 28.6 (5.8) | |
| Median | 27.4 | 27.9 | 27.5 | |
| Q1, Q3 | 24.8, 32.9 | 26.3, 33.5 | 25.1, 32.9 | |
| Etiology of liver disease | – | |||
| AIH | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (5.9%) | 1 (1.7%) | |
| ALD | 3 (7.0%) | 8 (47.1%) | 11 (18.3%) | |
| HBV | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (5.9%) | 1 (1.7%) | |
| HCV | 14 (32.6%) | 0 (0.0%) | 14 (23.3%) | |
| HCV/ALD | 4 (9.3%) | 0 (0.0%) | 4 (6.7%) | |
| NASH | 6 (14.0%) | 7 (41.2%) | 13 (21.7%) | |
| PBC | 2 (4.7%) | 0 (0.0%) | 2 (3.3%) | |
| PSC | 2 (4.7%) | 0 (0.0%) | 2 (3.3%) | |
| Other | 12 (27.9%) | 0 (0.0%) | 12 (20.0%) | |
| Native kidney Dx | – | |||
| DM (type 1 and 2) | 10 (23.3%) | 3 (17.6%) | 13 (21.7%) | |
| CNI toxicity | 3 (7.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 3 (5.0%) | |
| HRS | 9 (20.9%) | 11 (64.7%) | 20 (33.3%) | |
| HTN | 7 (16.3%) | 0 (0.0%) | 7 (11.7%) | |
| Other/missing | 14 (32.6%) | 3 (17.6%) | 17 (28.3%) | |
| Comorbidities | ||||
| HTN | 29 (67.4%) | 7 (41.2%) | 36 (60.0%) | 0.082b |
| DM | 21 (48.8%) | 8 (47.1%) | 29 (48.3%) | 1.000b |
| CAD | 4 (9.3%) | 2 (11.8%) | 6 (10.0%) | 1.000b |
| CKD | 39 (90.7%) | 14 (82.4%) | 53 (88.3%) | 0.393b |
| HRS | 15 (34.9%) | 11 (64.7%) | 26 (43.3%) | 0.046b |
| Hemodialysis at listing | 24 (55.8%) | 11 (64.7%) | 35 (58.3%) | 0.575b |
| SBP | 0.007a | |||
| N | 34 | 17 | 51 | |
| Mean (SD) | 133.1 (28.4) | 109.6 (19.8) | 125.3 (28.0) | |
| Median | 127.5 | 105.0 | 125.0 | |
| Q1, Q3 | 113.0, 151.0 | 100.0, 127.0 | 104.0, 144.0 | |
| DBP | 0.027a | |||
| N | 34 | 17 | 51 | |
| Mean (SD) | 70.4 (14.7) | 60.6 (11.1) | 67.2 (14.3) | |
| Median | 71.0 | 63.0 | 67.0 | |
| Q1, Q3 | 59.0, 81.0 | 54.0, 68.0 | 56.0, 76.0 | |
| Ascites | 0.168b | |||
| None | 8 (19.0%) | 1 (5.9%) | 9 (15.3%) | |
| Mild | 12 (28.6%) | 2 (11.8%) | 14 (23.7%) | |
| Moderate | 11 (26.2%) | 5 (29.4%) | 16 (27.1%) | |
| Severe | 11 (26.2%) | 9 (52.9%) | 20 (33.9%) | |
| Missing | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
| Hepatic encephalopathy | 24 (55.8%) | 15 (88.2%) | 39 (65.0%) | 0.019b |
| Esophageal varices | 16 (37.2%) | 8 (47.1%) | 24 (40.0%) | 0.564b |
| MELD-Na at listing | 0.002a | |||
| Mean (SD) | 25.1 (6.9) | 30.1 (5.2) | 26.5 (6.8) | |
| Median | 23.0 | 29.0 | 25.0 | |
| Q1, Q3 | 20.0, 30.0 | 27.0, 33.0 | 21.0, 30.5 | |
| MELD-Na at transplant | 0.003a | |||
| Mean (SD) | 25.8 (6.7) | 31.3 (6.2) | 27.3 (7.0) | |
| Median | 23.0 | 31.0 | 26.0 | |
| Q1, Q3 | 21.0, 30.0 | 28.0, 34.0 | 22.0, 31.5 | |
| Status at listing | 0.073b | |||
| Ambulatory | 36 (83.7%) | 9 (56.3%) | 45 (76.3%) | |
| Hospitalized—floor | 4 (9.3%) | 4 (25.0%) | 8 (13.6%) | |
| Hospitalized—ICU | 3 (7.0%) | 3 (18.8%) | 6 (10.2%) | |
| Missing | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
| PRA | 0.816a | |||
| N | 28 | 15 | 43 | |
| Mean (SD) | 3.4 (7.0) | 1.6 (3.0) | 2.8 (6.0) | |
| Median | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Q1, Q3 | 0.0, 3.5 | 0.0, 3.0 | 0.0, 3.0 | |
| Immunosuppression | 0.639b | |||
| Cyclosporine | 1 (2.3%) | 1 (5.9%) | 2 (3.3%) | |
| Rappmune | 1 (2.3%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (1.7%) | |
| Tacrolimus | 41 (95.3%) | 16 (94.1%) | 57 (95.0%) | |
| Induction | 0.006b | |||
| Basiliximab | 11 (26.2%) | 1 (5.9%) | 12 (20.3%) | |
| Dacluzimab | 8 (19.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 8 (13.6%) | |
| Thymoglobulin | 4 (9.5%) | 0 (0.0%) | 4 (6.8%) | |
| None | 19 (45.2%) | 16 (94.1%) | 35 (59.3%) | |
| Missing | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
aWilcoxon test.
bFisher Exact test.
AIH, autoimmune hepatitis; ALD, alcohol liver disease; BMI, body mass index; CAD, coronary artery disease; CKD, chronic kidney disease; CNI, calcineurin inhibitor; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; DM, diabetes mellitus; HBV, hepatitis B virus infection; HCV, hepatitis C virus infection; HRS, hepatorenal syndrome; HTN, hypertension; ICU, intensive care unit; MELD-Na, model for end-stage liver disease-sodium; NASH, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis; PBC, primary biliary cholangitis; PRA, panel-reactive antibody; PSC, primary sclerosing cholangitis; SBP, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis.