Table 1:

Approved drugs and regimens for patients with advanced RCC.

Drug/Regimen	Mechanism of action	FDA approval date	NCCN category
Sorafenib	TKI targeting VEGFR, PDGFR, KIT, RAF	12/20/2005	2B: subsequent line, all risk groups
Sunitinib	TKI targeting VEGFR, PDGFR, KIT, RET	01/26/2006	2A: first and subsequent line, all risk groups
Temsirolimus	mTOR inhibitor	05/30/2007	2A: first line in poor/intermediate risk groups; 2B: subsequent line all risk groups
Everolimus	mTOR inhibitor	03/30/2009	2A: subsequent line all risk groups
Bevacizumab + IFNα	Monoclonal Ab against VEGF	07/31/2009	2B: subsequent line all risk groups
Pazopanib	TKI targeting VEGF, PDGFR, KIT	10/19/2009	2A: first and subsequent line, all risk groups
Axitinib	TKI targeting VEGFR 1-3, KIT, PDGFR	01/27/2012	1: subsequent line all risk groups; 2B: subsequent line poor/intermediate-risk groups
Nivolumab	Monoclonal Ab against PD-1	11/23/2015	1: subsequent line all risk groups
Cabozantinib	TKI targeting VEGFR2, MET, AXL, RET	04/24/2016	1: subsequent line all risk groups; 2A: first-line poor/intermediate-risk groups; 2B: first-line good risk
Lenvatinib +/- Everolimus	TKI targeting VEGFR 1-3, FGFR, PDGFR, KIT, RET	05/13/2016	1: subsequent line all risk groups
Ipilimumab + Nivolumab	Monoclonal Ab against CTLA4 and PD-1	04/16/2018	1: first-line poor/intermediate-risk; 2A: first and subsequent line all risk groups
Axitinib + Pembrolizumab	TKI plus PD-1 Ab	04/19/2019	1: first-line poor/intermediate-risk; 2A: first and subsequent line all risk groups
Axitinib + Avelumab	TKI plus PD-L1 Ab	05/14/2019	2A: first-line all risk groups; 3: subsequent line all risk groups