Table 1.
Baseline characteristics for the overall cohort and according to categories of total SB. (Data are mean ±SD, or %).
| Characteristic | All | Total Sedentary Behavior (hr/d) | P-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ≤6.5 | 6.6–9.5 | >9.5 | |||
| N | 80,982 | 27,804 | 23,652 | 29,526 | |
| Age, years | 63.4 ± 7.3 | 64.0 ± 7.2 | 64.0 ± 7.2 | 62.2 ± 7.4 | <.001 |
| 50–59 | 32.8 | 28.8 | 28.8 | 39.7 | |
| 60–69 | 44.2 | 46.1 | 46.1 | 41.1 | |
| 70–79 | 23.0 | 25.1 | 25.0 | 19.3 | |
| Race-ethnicity | <.001* | ||||
| White | 84.9 | 80.5 | 87.6 | 87.0 | |
| Black | 7.1 | 9.3 | 5.6 | 6.2 | |
| Hispanic | 3.4 | 5.0 | 2.7 | 2.4 | |
| Native American | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
| Asian | 2.9 | 3.2 | 2.9 | 3.0 | |
| Unknown | 1.3 | 1.6 | 1.2 | 1.1 | |
| Education | <.001 | ||||
| High school or less | 19.7 | 23.6 | 19.0 | 16.4 | |
| Some college | 36.1 | 37.2 | 36.1 | 35.1 | |
| College graduate | 43.5 | 38.4 | 44.2 | 47.7 | |
| Household income | <.001 | ||||
| <$20,000 | 12.8 | 15.7 | 11.8 | 10.8 | |
| $20,000 – 49,999 | 40.3 | 39.7 | 41.2 | 40.3 | |
| $50,000 – 74,999 | 19.6 | 18.0 | 19.9 | 20.9 | |
| ≥$75,000 | 20.2 | 18.2 | 20.1 | 22.2 | |
| Smoking status | <.001† | ||||
| Never | 50.7 | 53.5 | 50.9 | 47.8 | |
| Past | 42.4 | 39.7 | 42.7 | 44.8 | |
| Current | 5.9 | 5.6 | 5.5 | 6.5 | |
| Alcohol consumption | <.001 | ||||
| Never | 10.4 | 13.2 | 9.8 | 8.2 | |
| Past | 17.3 | 18.3 | 16.5 | 17.0 | |
| Current | 71.8 | 67.9 | 73.3 | 74.4 | |
| Hormone therapy use | <.001 | ||||
| Never | 39.5 | 41.0 | 39.4 | 38.1 | |
| Past | 14.6 | 15.0 | 14.8 | 14.2 | |
| Current | 45.9 | 44.0 | 45.8 | 47.7 | |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 26.8 ± 5.4 | 26.4 ± 5.2 | 26.6 ± 5.3 | 27.3 ± 5.7 | <.001 |
| <18.5 | 1.2 | 1.4 | 1.2 | 1.0 | |
| 18.5 – 24.9 | 41.9 | 43.9 | 43.0 | 39.2 | |
| 25.0 – 29.9 | 34.6 | 35.0 | 34.5 | 34.1 | |
| ≥30 | 22.3 | 19.6 | 21.3 | 25.7 | |
| Total physical activity, MET-hr/wk | 14.4 ± 14.5 | 16.2 ± 16.2 | 14.7 ± 14.2 | 12.5 ± 12.7 | <.001 |
| 0 | 11.5 | 10.3 | 10.2 | 13.6 | |
| >0 – 7.4 | 27.1 | 25.0 | 26.3 | 29.6 | |
| ≥7.5 | 61.4 | 64.7 | 63.5 | 56.8 | |
| Total SB time, hr/d | 7.2 ± 3.3 | 4.5 ± 1.6 | 8.0 ± 0.8 | 12.5 ± 2.4 | <.001 |
| Sitting time, hr/d | 6.3 ± 3.0 | 4.6 ± 1.1 | 6.7 ± 1.5 | 10.4 ± 2.5 | <.001 |
| ADL score | 4.0 ± 0.3 | 4.0 ± 0.3 | 4.0 ± 0.2 | 4.0 ± 0.2 | <.001 |
| Physical function score | 85.5 ± 14.6 | 86.3 ± 14.1 | 85.7 ± 14.3 | 84.5 ± 15.2 | <.001 |
| Systolic BP, mmHg | 126.3 ± 17.8 | 127.2 ± 18.1 | 126.7 ± 17.7 | 125.2 ± 17.6 | <.001 |
| Diastolic BP, mmHg | 74.7 ± 9.3 | 74.6 ± 9.3 | 74.7 ± 9.3 | 74.7 ± 9.2 | .20 |
| History of: | |||||
| Hysterectomy | 40.9 | 42.0 | 40.3 | 40.2 | <.001 |
| Diabetes‡ | 3.2 | 3.4 | 3.0 | 3.2 | .23 |
| Hypertension‡ | 38.9 | 39.7 | 39.4 | 37.8 | <.001 |
| CHD | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.5 | .46 |
| Stroke | 1.1 | 1.2 | 1.1 | 1.1 | .26 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 4.0 | 3.9 | 4.2 | 4.0 | .67 |
*
Comparing percentage of whites versus nonwhites.
†
Comparing percentage of current versus past/never.
‡
History of physician-diagnosis and treatment using medication.
Physical function score ranges from 0–100; higher scores reflect better functional status.
ADL, activities of daily living score ranges from 4–12; lower values reflect greater independence.
BMI, body mass index.
BP, blood pressure.
CHD, coronary heart disease (myocardial infarction, coronary revascularization procedures).
MET-hr/wk, metabolic equivalent hours per week.