Figure 4.

A co-phylogeny linking the host strain (left) and plasmid (right) phylogenies. Connections link host strains with their resident plasmid. Nodes have been rotated to maximize congruency between the two trees. Host phylogeny was inferred from the host core genomes using a maximum-likelihood method. The inferred plasmid phylogeny was based on the plasmid core-genome also using a maximum-likelihood approach. The high level of incongruence between the phylogenies (nPH85 = 1.0) indicates that cross-species transmission is highly prevalent among this family of plasmids.