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. 2021 Jan 1;11(3):1059–1078. doi: 10.7150/thno.44364

Table 1.

Characteristics of human participants

Control (n=40) Chronic pain (n=30) P value (group effect)
Gender, males/females 16/24 14/16 -
Age (years) 48.8±1.6 53.9±3.1 0.1148
Education (years) 10.0±0.4 9.9±0.6 0.9089
Disease duration (months) N/A 43.7±17.7 -
Pain index-NRS N/A 6.0±0.2 -

N/A: not applicable. Data are expressed as the number of patients, mean, and SEM. The t-test was used to compare variables between two groups.