In vivo whole-body fluorescence imaging of NLN and NEW homing to MDA-MB231 breast tumor in mice. (A) In vivo whole-body fluorescence imaging of the homing of Flamma 675 NIR dye-labeled NLN, NEW, or control peptide to tumors at 1-6 h after injection into BALB/c nude mice. Dotted circles represent the tumor region. The scale bar indicates the normalized fluorescent intensity. (B) Ex vivo imaging of the accumulation of Flamma 675 NIR dye-labeled NLN, NEW, or control peptide in the tumors and other organs isolated from mice 6 h after peptide injection. The scale bar indicates the normalized fluorescence intensity. T, tumor; H, heart; L, lung; Li, liver; S, spleen; K, kidney. (C) Quantification of the ex vivo fluorescence intensities in the tumor and organs. Data are shown as the means ± S.E. (n = 3/group). **, P < 0.01; ***, P < 0.001 compared with the control peptide by one-way ANOVA. (D) Co-localization of CD44v6 (green) with NLN and NEW (red) in tumor tissue sections. Nuclei were counter-stained with DAPI (blue). Scale bars = 20 µm. Ctrl, control peptide.