M2-sEVs reduced atrophy volume and improved neurobehavioral outcomes through miR-124 after ischemia in mice. (A) Diagram of experimental design. Animal sacrifice time points were 7 days or 14 days after tMCAO. (B) Cresyl violet staining for atrophy volume of brain sections in the three groups 14 days after tMCAO. The dashed line shows the original size of the ischemia side. (C) Atrophy volume in the sham, PBS, M2-sEV, and miR-124-kd groups 14 days after tMCAO (n = 36). (D) Survival percentage in the sham, PBS, M2-sEV, and miR-124-kd groups after tMCAO. (E) Neurological scores in the sham, PBS, M2-sEV, and miR-124-kd groups after tMCAO. (F) Rotarod test results in the sham, PBS, M2-sEV, and miR-124-kd groups after tMCAO. (G) Right turns test results in the sham, PBS, M2-sEV, and miR-124-kd groups after tMCAO. Data are presented as mean ± SEM. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.05, ***p < 0.005.