Table 3.
Comparison among Patients with cHCC-CC, HCC and ICC when matched on ALB, tumor size, lymph node infiltration, AJCC stage and margin
| Variable | 1:1 match | 1:1 match | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| cHCC-CC (n=131) | HCC (n=131) | p-value | cHCC-CC (n=109) | ICC (n=109) | p-value | |
| Sex, male, n (%) | 114 (87) | 111 (84.7) | 0.72 | 95 (87.2) | 69 (63.3) | <0.01 |
| Age, year, ≤60 | 102 (77.9) | 110 (84) | 0.27 | 83 (76.1) | 71 (65.1) | 0.10 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 13 (9.9) | 12 (9.2) | 1.00 | 10 (9.2) | 16 (14.7) | 0.30 |
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 9 (6.9) | 9 (6.9) | 1.00 | 7 (6.4) | 4 (3.7) | 0.54 |
| Hepatitis, n (%) | 66 (50.4) | 95 (72.5) | 0.0004 | 55 (50.5) | 49 (45) | 0.50 |
| Hypersplenia, n (%) | 14 (10.7) | 14 (10.7) | 1.00 | 12 (11) | 7 (6.4) | 0.34 |
| ALT, U/L, mean ± SD | 54.37 ± 95.48 | 58.22 ± 60.64 | 0.70 | 47.25 ± 34.64 | 47.57 ± 63.21 | 0.96 |
| AST, U/L, mean ± SD | 61.13 ± 131.24 | 62.10 ± 58.04 | 0.94 | 49.97 ± 38.71 | 50.13 ± 60.81 | 0.98 |
| ALB, g/L, mean ± SD | 41.9 ± 4.6 | 41.9 ± 4.2 | 0.98 | 41.7 ± 4.4 | 39.8 ± 8.4 | 0.93 |
| TB, umol/L, mean ± SD | 15.86 ± 9.84 | 15.49 ± 10.07 | 0.77 | 15.97 ± 9.71 | 18.54 ± 22.93 | 0.28 |
| PT, s, mean± SD | 12.01 ± 1.91 | 12.34 ± 1.40 | 0.18 | 11.99 ± 1.92 | 12.07 ± 1.62 | 0.79 |
| INR, mean± SD | 1.04 ± 0.16 | 1.07 ± 0.12 | 0.15 | 1.04 ± 0.16 | 1.04 ± 0.14 | 0.82 |
| AFP, ng/ml, mean ± SD | 231.6 ± 406.0 | 440.5 ± 433.5 | 0.002 | 106.08 ± 245.92 | 311.55 ± 406.11 | <0.0001 |
| Ca19-9, U/ml, mean ± SD | 92.81 ± 226.09 | 23.99 ± 26.21 | 0.0021 | 100.11 ± 579.37 | 94.91 ± 252.25 | 0.95 |
| Ca125,U/ml, mean ± SD | 87.10 ± 531.45 | 74.81 ± 465.68 | 0.87 | 6.53 ± 31.29 | 24.78 ± 114.66 | 0.12 |
| CEA, ng/ml, mean ± SD | 5.92 ± 28.51 | 4.21 ± 17.38 | 0.59 | 47.25 ± 34.64 | 47.57 ± 63.21 | 0.9 |
| Liver fibrosis, n (%) | <0.0001 | 0.0045 | ||||
| No significant fibrosis | 19 (14.5) | 3 (2.5) | 16 (14.7) | 18 (16.5) | ||
| Significant fibrosis | 19 (14.5) | 42 (35.3) | 15 (13.8) | 20 (18.3) | ||
| Advanced fibrosis | 41 (31.3) | 64 (53.8) | 33 (30.3) | 50 (45.9) | ||
| liver cirrhosis | 52 (39.7) | 10 (8.4) | 45 (41.3) | 21 (19.3) | ||
| Tumor size, >5cm, n (%) | 87 (66.4) | 101 (77.1) | 0.074 | 69 (63.3) | 74 (71.2) | 0.28 |
| Tumor number, single, n (%) | 59 (45) | 68 (51.9) | 0.32 | 52 (47.7) | 65 (59.6) | 0.10 |
| Satellite lesions, n (%) | 44 (33.6) | 44 (33.6) | 1.00 | 34 (31.2) | 27 (24.8) | 0.37 |
| Tumor capsule, n (%) | 23 (17.6) | 29 (22.1) | 0.37 | 18 (16.5) | 35 (32.1) | <0.0001 |
| Tumor thrombus, n (%) | 47 (35.9) | 92 (70.2) | <0.0001 | 34 (31.2) | 30 (27.5) | 0.66 |
| Lymph node infiltration, n (%) | 14 (10.7) | 14 (10.7) | 1.00 | 18 (16.5) | 18 (16.5) | 1.00 |
| Differentiation, n (%) | 0.0028 | 0.016 | ||||
| Well | 5 (3.8) | 1 (0.8) | 4 (3.7) | 4 (3.7) | ||
| Moderate | 55 (42) | 57 (45.2) | 48 (44) | 26 (23.9) | ||
| Poor | 60 (45.8) | 68 (54) | 54 (49.5) | 73 (67) | ||
| Undifferentiated | 11 (8.4) | 0 (0) | 3 (2.8) | 6 (5.5) | ||
| 8th AJCC stage, n (%) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| I | 11 (8.4) | 11 (8.4) | 11 (10.1) | 11 (10.1) | ||
| II | 32 (24.4) | 32 (24.4) | 32 (29.4) | 32 (29.4) | ||
| III | 74 (56.5) | 74 (56.5) | 48 (44) | 48 (44) | ||
| IV | 14 (10.7) | 14 (10.7) | 18 (16.5) | 18 (16.5) | ||
| T stage, n (%) | 0.013 | 0.76 | ||||
| T1 | 15 (11.5) | 14 (10.7) | 15 (13.8) | 16 (14.7) | ||
| T2 | 35 (26.7) | 32 (24.4) | 35 (32.1) | 32 (29.4) | ||
| T3 | 48 (36.6) | 29 (22.1) | 39 (35.8) | 35 (32.1) | ||
| T4 | 33 (25.2) | 56 (42.7) | 20 (18.3) | 26 (23.9) | ||
| N stage, n (%) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| N0 | 117 (89.3) | 117 (89.3) | 91 (83.5) | 91 (83.5) | ||
| N1 | 14 (10.7) | 14 (10.7) | 18 (16.5) | 18 (16.5) | ||
| Transfusion, n (%) | 18 (13.7) | 11 (8.7) | 0.27 | 16 (14.7) | 9 (8.5) | 0.23 |
| Blood loss, ≤400ml, n (%) | 77 (58.8) | 90 (70.9) | 0.057 | 66 (60.6) | 84 (79.2) | 0.0046 |
| Margin, R0, n (%) | 108 (82.4) | 119 (91.5) | 0.046 | 87 (79.8) | 62 (70.5) | 0.18 |
| Surgical method, n (%) | 0.0772 | 0.0003 | ||||
| Major resection | 59 (45) | 73 (55.7) | 53 (48.6) | 68 (62.4) | ||
| Minor resection | 63 (48.1) | 44 (33.6) | 50 (45.9) | 25 (22.9) | ||
| Resection+ Ablation | 6 (4.6) | 11 (8.4) | 4 (3.7) | 15 (13.8) | ||
| Liver transplantation | 3 (2.3) | 3 (2.3) | 2 (1.8) | 1 (0.9) | ||
| Anatomy resection, n (%) | 54 (42.9) | 66 (52.4) | 0.17 | 49 (46.7) | 72 (72.7) | 0.0003 |
| Postoperative TACE, n (%) | 39 (29.8) | 83 (63.4) | <0.0001 | 31 (28.4) | 39 (35.8) | 0.31 |
| Disease-free survival, m, mean± SD | 28.5± 28.1 | 22.4± 13.1 | 0.025 | 25.7 ± 25.8 | 9.3 ± 12.6 | <0.0001 |
| Overall survival, m, mean± SD | 31.9± 27.2 | 33.3± 18.1 | 0.62 | 29.4 ± 25.3 | 13.7 ± 12.9 | <0.0001 |
Abbreviation: cHCC-CC: Combined hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma; HCC: hepatocellular carcinoma; ICC: intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma; ALT: alanine aminotransferase; SD: standard deviation; AST: aspartate aminotransferase; ALB: albumin; TB: total bilirubin; PT: prothrombin time; INR: International Normalized Ratio; AFP: alpha fetoprotein; CEA: carcinoembryonic antigen; AJCC: American Joint Committee on Cancer; ASA: American Society of Anesthesiology; NA: not applicable; TACE: transhepatic arterial chemotherapy and embolization.