Fig. 5.

Acute Stress Test Heart Rate. On test day the monkey entered a single cage and a baseline blood sample was taken (Time 0). The caged monkey was moved to an empty room for 30 min. Blood sampling was repeated at 30 min (stress sample) and the monkey was returned to her home pen. Blood samples were taken again at 120 and 240 min (recovery samples) after moving the monkey to a single cage. Experimental Phase Month 29 Adjusted for Baseline: a. Diet × time interaction (F[24,739] = 1.87, p = 0.007): Mediterranean (MED) group had a greater increase in HR from Baseline than the Western (WEST) group; b. Social status × time interaction F[24,739] = 1.58, p = 0.038: Subordinates had a greater and more sustained increase in HR from Baseline than dominants. Adjusted means and SEMs are shown; c. Heart Rate Increase Over the Course of the Study F[2, 2411] = 120.83, p < 0.0001; Baseline vs 12 months Tukey p < 0.0001*****; Baseline vs 29 months Tukey p < 0.001****.