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. 2021 Jan 4;5:222. Originally published 2020 Sep 24. [Version 2] doi: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.16171.2

Table 5. Mean values from the baseline and repeat assessment sample according to fourths of the biomarker distribution from the baseline sample, and their self-correlation for all assays 1.

Baseline measures in
fourths
Range of means
across baseline
categories
Correlation between
baseline and repeat
measure
Alanine aminotransferase
[ALT] (U/L, n=16,610)
1 2 3 4
Baseline sample mean 12.8 17.9 23.4 39.5 26.7 0.46
Repeat sample mean 16.4 20.1 23.9 31.5 15.1
Albumin [ALB] (g/L,
n=13,434)
1 2 3 4
Baseline sample mean 41.9 44.3 45.9 48.3 6.4 0.48
Repeat sample mean 44.0 45.3 46.1 47.2 3.2
Alkaline phosphatase
[ALP] (U/L, n=16,616)
1 2 3 4
Baseline sample mean 57.2 73.2 86.3 112.3 55.2 0.72
Repeat sample mean 64.4 77.7 88.5 107.9 43.5
Apolipoprotein A
[APOA] (g/L, n=13,290)
1 2 3 4
Baseline sample mean 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.9 0.7 0.77
Repeat sample mean 1.3 1.5 1.6 1.9 0.5
Apolipoprotein B
[APOB] (g/L, n=16,485)
1 2 3 4
Baseline sample mean 0.7 0.9 1.1 1.3 0.6 0.66
Repeat sample mean 0.8 1.0 1.1 1.2 0.4
Aspartate aminotransferase
[AST] (U/L, n=16,495)
1 2 3 4
Baseline sample mean 18.7 22.9 26.6 36.4 17.7 0.40
Repeat sample mean 21.8 24.7 27.4 32.5 10.7
C-reactive protein
[CRP] (mg/L, n=16,551)
1 2 3 4
Baseline sample mean 0.4 0.9 1.7 6.3 6.0 0.29
Repeat sample mean 1.0 1.7 2.3 4.4 3.4
Calcium [CA] (mmol/L,
n=13,431)
1 2 3 4
Baseline sample mean 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.5 0.2 0.42
Repeat sample mean 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.5 0.1
Cholesterol
[CHOL] (mmol/L, n=16,623)
1 2 3 4
Baseline sample mean 4.3 5.3 6.0 7.1 2.9 0.66
Repeat sample mean 4.7 5.5 6.0 6.7 2.0
Creatinine [CRE] (umol/L,
n=16,580)
1 2 3 4
Baseline sample mean 55.7 66.7 76.2 91.7 36.0 0.77
Repeat sample mean 59.9 69.7 78.8 91.7 31.8
Cystatin C [CYS] (mg/L,
n=16,608)
1 2 3 4
Baseline sample mean 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.1 0.3 0.81
Repeat sample mean 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.1 0.3
Direct bilirubin
[BILD] (umol/L, n=12,635)
1 2 3 4
Baseline sample mean 1.2 1.5 1.9 3.0 1.8 0.70
Repeat sample mean 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.6 1.2
Gamma glutamyltransferase
[GGT] (U/L, n=16,604)
1 2 3 4
Baseline sample mean 14.9 21.9 31.6 72.6 57.8 0.67
Repeat sample mean 17.1 24.3 34.0 64.9 47.8
Glucose [GLU] (mmol/L,
n=13,411)
1 2 3 4
Baseline sample mean 4.2 4.7 5.1 6.1 1.9 0.42
Repeat sample mean 4.8 4.9 5.0 5.5 0.7
HbA1c (mmol/mol, n=12,863) 1 2 3 4
Baseline sample mean 30.5 34.0 36.3 42.2 11.7 0.76
Repeat sample mean 32.5 35.0 36.7 42.0 9.4
HDL cholesterol
[HDLC] (mmol/L, n=13,430)
1 2 3 4
Baseline sample mean 1.0 1.3 1.5 2.0 0.9 0.85
Repeat sample mean 1.1 1.4 1.6 2.0 0.8
Insulin-like growth factor-1
[IGF-1] (nmol/L, n=16,357)
1 2 3 4
Baseline sample mean 14.9 19.7 23.1 28.6 13.7 0.77
Repeat sample mean 15.7 19.5 22.2 26.3 10.6
LDL direct
[LDLD] (mmol/L, n=16,538)
1 2 3 4
Baseline sample mean 2.5 3.2 3.8 4.7 2.2 0.65
Repeat sample mean 2.8 3.4 3.8 4.3 1.5
Lipoprotein (a)
[LPA] (nmol/L, n=12,203)
1 2 3 4
Baseline sample mean 6.7 14.4 35.3 112.2 105.4 0.95
Repeat sample mean 8.2 16.6 37.3 116.6 108.4
Oestradiol
[OES] (women only; pmol/L,
n=659)
1 2 3 4
Baseline sample mean 227.0 345.9 517.8 1116.3 889.3 0.07
Repeat sample mean 518.7 526.7 612.2 666.5 147.8
Phosphate
[PHOS] (mmol/L, n=13,378)
1 2 3 4
Mean in baseline sample 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.4 0.4 0.45
Repeat sample mean 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.3 0.2
Rheumatoid factor
[RF] (IU/mL, n=1,009)
1 2 3 4
Baseline sample mean 11.8 16.6 25.8 53.6 41.9 0.58
Repeat sample mean 17.8 20.0 27.6 45.9 28.1
Sex hormone-binding
globulin
[SHBG] (nmol/L, n=13,130)
1 2 3 4
Baseline sample mean 25.0 39.0 53.4 87.4 62.4 0.81
Repeat sample mean 30.3 43.6 57.5 83.5 53.2
Testosterone
[TES] (men only; nmol/L,
n=8,124)
1 2 3 4
Baseline sample mean 7.9 10.8 12.9 16.8 8.9 0.66
Repeat sample mean 9.3 11.3 12.8 15.5 6.2
Total bilirubin
[TBIL] (umol/L, n=16,452)
1 2 3 4
Baseline sample mean 5.5 7.4 9.2 14.9 9.4 0.77
Repeat sample mean 6.4 7.5 8.7 13.2 6.8
Total protein [TP] (g/L,
n=13,420)
1 2 3 4
Baseline sample mean 67.2 70.6 73.0 77.0 9.9 0.50
Repeat sample mean 70.6 72.6 74.0 75.9 5.3
Triglycerides
[TRIG] (mmol/L, n=16,585)
1 2 3 4
Baseline sample mean 0.8 1.2 1.7 3.0 2.2 0.60
Repeat sample mean 1.1 1.4 1.8 2.5 1.4
Urate [UA] (umol/L,
n=16,560)
1 2 3 4
Baseline sample mean 213.4 277.3 329.6 410.9 197.5 0.82
Repeat sample mean 231.9 288.8 336.2 399.6 167.7
Urea (mmol/L, n=16,587) 1 2 3 4
Baseline sample mean 4.0 5.0 5.7 7.1 3.2 0.59
Repeat sample mean 4.7 5.3 5.8 6.6 1.9
Vitamin D [VITD] (nmol/L,
n=15,437)
1 2 3 4
Baseline sample mean 25.4 41.1 55.2 76.8 51.4 0.56
Repeat sample mean 34.0 42.3 50.4 64.3 30.3

1 Includes biochemistry markers measured in serum and red blood cells (HbA1c).