Table I.
Characteristics of the CCU patients on admission.
| Test set (n=6,444) | Validation set (n=412) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | No AKI (n=1,987) | AKI (n=4,457) | P-value | No AKI (n=282) | AKI (n=130) | P-value |
| Age, year | 63.6±13.6 | 68.6±15.2 | <0.001 | 65.5±13.1 | 68.2±13.1 | <0.001 |
| Sex, male, n (%) | 762 (38.3) | 1,845 (38.0) | 0.851 | 93 (33.0) | 42 (32.3) | 0.893 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 27.9±4.1 | 28.0±6.3 | 0.652 | 23.8±3.5 | 23.7±3.3.2 | 0.870 |
| Primary diagnosis, n (%) | ||||||
| Acute coronary syndrome | 503 (25.3) | 1,190 (26.7) | 0.243 | 179 (63.5) | 89 (68.5) | 0.325 |
| Preexisting diseases, n (%) | ||||||
| CKD | 207 (10.5) | 1,247 (28.0) | <0.001 | 17 (6.0) | 42 (32.3) | 0.001 |
| Hypertension | 1,089 (54.8) | 2,669 (59.9) | <0.001 | 118 (41.8) | 90 (69.2) | <0.001 |
| Diabetes | 405 (20.4) | 1,140 (25.6) | <0.001 | 79 (28.0) | 63 (48.5) | <0.001 |
| Biochemical data | ||||||
| MAP, mmHg | 58.4±16.7 | 56.3±12.7 | <0.001 | 94.6±13.0 | 87.8±13.4 | <0.001 |
| Leukocyte, x109/l | 12.0±4.9 | 13.2±5.0 | <0.001 | 8.9±2.8 | 9.2±2.3 | 0.550 |
| Lymphocyte count, x109/l | 1.6±0.6 | 1.5±0.8 | 0.565 | 1.5±0.78 | 1.4±0.5 | 0.178 |
| Hemoglobin, g/l | 127.6±31.9 | 109.6±22.3 | <0.001 | 130.0±18.6 | 109.1±23.4 | <0.001 |
| eGFR, ml/min/1.73 m2 | 72.9±17.7 | 50.3±10.4 | <0.001 | 86.3±10.7 | 57.1±15.3 | <0.001 |
| Serum albumin, g/l | 34.2±2.6 | 31.9±2.6 | <0.001 | 38.1±4.1 | 35.7±5.0 | <0.001 |
| Serum creatinine, umol/l | 84.2±19.2 | 120.1±18.1 | <0.001 | 70.9±15.4 | 108.4±12.9 | <0.001 |
| PNI | 56.6±15.0 | 46.6±20.6 | <0.001 | 48.9±5.3 | 41.4±6.0 | <0.001 |
| Total cholesterol, mmol/l | 3.9±1.2 | 4.0±1.0 | 0.740 | 4.2±0.9 | 4.0±1.0 | 0.085 |
| Triglycerides, mmol/l | 1.2±0.6 | 1.1±0.5 | 0.364 | 1.7±1.3 | 1.5±1.2 | 0.243 |
| APACHEII, points | - | - | - | 6.8±1.8 | 10.4±2.2 | <0.001 |
| Serum sodium, mmol/l | 139.5±3.6 | 139.5±4.4 | 0.537 | 138±4.8 | 137±5.7 | 0.450 |
| Serum potassium, mmol/l | 4.5±0.8 | 4.7±0.9 | <0.001 | 3.9±0.5 | 4.1±0.7 | 0.001 |
| APSIII, points | 32.5±10.1 | 47.1±19.3 | <0.001 | - | - | - |
| LOS, days | 7.1±2.6 | 12.0±4.5 | <0.001 | 11.0±5.6 | 16.2±9.9 | <0.001 |
| Hospital mortality | 445 (22.4) | 1,747 (39.2) | <0.001 | 17 (6.0) | 44 (33.8) | <0.001 |
| 2-year mortality | 696 (35.0) | 2,454 (55.1) | <0.001 | 42 (14.9) | 70 (53.8) | <0.001 |
CKD, chronic kidney disease; AKI, acute kidney injury; MAP, mean arterial pressure; eGFR, estimate glomerular filtration rate; PNI, prognostic nutritional index; APACHEII, acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II; APSIII, acute physiology score III; LOS, length of hospital stay; CCU, coronary care unit.