Table 1.

Learning objectives for advanced abdominal ultrasound and transthoracic echocardiography examination

Standard view	Anatomical structures	Physiological measurements
Transthoracic echocardiography
Parasternal long axis view	Identify left atrium and ventricle, left ventricle outflow tract, aortic valve and mitral valve	Measure thickness of ventricle and septum in motion mode
Parasternal short axis view	Show papillary muscle plane, mitral and aortic valve planes	No measurement required
Apical four-chamber view	Identify all chambers and both atrioventricular valves	Measure flow velocity over mitral valve in pulsed wave doppler mode
Abdominal ultrasound
Liver	Identify liver, portal vein, inferior caval vein, common bile duct	Measure flow velocity in the portal and hepatic vein in pulsed wave doppler mode
Kidney	Identify kidney longitudinal and sagittal	Measure flow velocity in an artery in the parenchyma for calculation of resistance index
Spleen	Identify spleen and hilum	Measure organ size
Bladder	Identify bladder, suprapubic region, uterus/prostate	Measure hilum