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. 2020 Dec 15;7(12):e24815. doi: 10.2196/24815

Table 1.

Result of multilevel models showing which factors coincide with anxiety and optimism about COVID-19.

Factors Daily anxiety about COVID-19 Daily optimism about COVID-19

Value P value Value P value
Predictors

Intercept, β (95% CI) 0.079 (–0.076 to 0.234) .32 0.015 (–0.099 to 0.128) .80

New cases in New Jersey, β (95% CI) 0.021 (0.008 to 0.034) .002 –0.004 (–0.024 to 0.017) .73

New deaths in New Jersey, β (95% CI) –0.005 (–0.017 to 0.006) .37 –0.015 (–0.033 to 0.004) .12

Support regarding COVID-19 from others, β (95% CI) 0.027 (0.014 to 0.040) <.001 0.348 (0.329 to 0.368) <.001

Support regarding COVID-19 from organization, β (95% CI) 0.008 (–0.005 to 0.021) .21 0.092 (0.073 to 0.112) <.001

Frequency of upsetting news regarding COVID-19, β (95% CI) 0.085 (0.073 to 0.097) <.001 –0.010 (–0.029 to 0.009) .30
Random effects

σ2 0.39 N/Aa 0.68 N/A

τ00 2.04 Participant N/A 0.74 Participant N/A

Intraclass correlation 0.84 N/A 0.52 N/A

Marginal R2 / conditional R2 0.010 / 0.841 N/A 0.152 / 0.593 N/A

aN/A: not applicable.