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. 2020 Dec 14;22(12):e21418. doi: 10.2196/21418

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©Danny Valdez, Marijn ten Thij, Krishna Bathina, Lauren A Rutter, Johan Bollen. Originally published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research (http://www.jmir.org), 14.12.2020.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work, first published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research, is properly cited. The complete bibliographic information, a link to the original publication on http://www.jmir.org/, as well as this copyright and license information must be included.

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Number of daily tweets in a subsample of the user timeline data. The dashed line displays the daily number of tweets in the subsample of the user timeline data. The solid line indicates the underlying trend in the daily number of tweets (after removing its seasonal effects). The diamond markers indicate significant change points indicated by the Pruned Exact Linear Time algorithm. The light blue and pink annotations denote the death of Kobe Bryant (January 26, 2020) and the day when the WHO declared COVID-19 a global pandemic (March 11, 2020), respectively. The brown bars indicate the dates that lockdowns were enforced in the 20 considered cities (ranging from March 16 to April 1, 2020). The opacity of the brown bars indicates how many cities had enforced a lockdown at that date. LD: lockdown; WHO: World Health Organization.