Inflammatory cytokine and Th2 cytokine induction by AdOSM is markedly attenuated in IL-33-/- (KO) mice. C57Bl/6 wild-type (WT) or IL-33 knockout mice were endotracheally administered AdDl70 (control) or AdOSM, sacrificed at day 7, and collected bronchoalveolar lavage fluid analyzed by ELISA for inflammatory cytokines/chemokines, Th1/Th2 cytokines, IL-6, and VEGF. (a) Detection of chemokines for eosinophils (eotaxin-1 and eotaxin-2) and neutrophils (KC) as well as other cytokines including TNFalpha, G-CSF, RANTES, or macrophage (MIP1a/MIP1b) in BALF of C57Bl/6 wild-type and IL-33-/- mice. (b) Detection of OSM, interleukin- (IL-) 6, leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), VEGF, or Th2 (IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13) or Th1 (IFNγ) cytokines in BALF of C57Bl/6 wild-type and IL-33-/- mice. (c) Endogenous (left panel) or adenoviral-derived (right panel) expression of OSM mRNA was examined by quantitative real-time PCR analysis of whole lung tissue from C57Bl/6 wild-type and IL-33-/- mice. Closed circles: WT/AdDl70; closed squares: WT/AdOSM; open circles: IL-33KO/AdDl70; open squares: IL-33KO/AdOSM; Rel. expression: relative expression. Represents one of two separate experiments. ∗p < .05, ∗∗p < .01, ∗∗∗p < .001, and ∗∗∗∗p < .0001. N = 4/group.