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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Feb 1.
Published in final edited form as: Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2020 Jun 17;29(2):179–191. doi: 10.1016/j.jagp.2020.06.006

Table 4.

Association between regional brain glucose metabolism and combination of NPS in predicting the risk of incident MCI

Stratum No. at Risk No. of Events Model 1 Model 2

HR (95%CI) p Multipl. Interaction p df X2 HR (95%CI) p Multipl. Interaction p df X2

FDG-PET− / Depr. & Irritab.− 892 76 1.00 (ref. group) 0.039 1.00 (ref. group) 0.033
FDG-PET+ / Depr. & Irritab.− 323 90 2.50 (1.83, 3.42) <0.001 1 33.23 2.36 (1.72, 3.23) <0.001 1 28.39
FDG-PET− / Depr. & Irritab.+ 23 3 3.68 (1.14, 11.9) 0.029 1 4.74 3.38 (1.04, 10.9) 0.042 1 4.13
FDG-PET+ / Depr. & Irritab.+ 13 4 1.63 (0.51, 5.20) 0.41 1 0.68 1.33 (0.41,4.28) 0.63 1 0.23

FDG-PET− / Depr. & Anxiety− 899 77 1.00 (ref. group) 0.36 1.00 (ref. group) 0.40
FDG-PET+ / Depr. & Anxiety− 325 90 2.42 (1.77, 3.31) <0.001 1 30.92 2.27 (1.66, 3.12) <0.001 1 25.95
FDG-PET− / Depr. & Anxiety+ 16 2 2.50 (0.61, 10.3) 0.20 1 1.61 2.17 (0.53, 8.96) 0.28 1 1.15
FDG-PET+ / Depr. & Anxiety+ 11 4 2.68 (0.97, 7.40) 0.06 1 3.62 2.33 (0.84, 6.44) 0.10 1 2.67

FDG-PET− / Depr. & Apathy− 900 74 1.00 (ref. group) 0.32 1.00 (ref. group) 0.25
FDG-PET+ / Depr. & Apathy− 326 88 2.44 (1.78, 3.34) <0.001 1 30.59 2.30 (1.67, 3.17) <0.001 1 26.09
FDG-PET− / Depr. & Apathy+ 15 5 7.96 (3.16, 20.0) <0.001 1 19.35 6.98 (2.75, 17.7) <0.001 1 16.77
FDG-PET+ / Depr. & Apathy+ 10 6 9.95 (3.90, 25.3) <0.001 1 23.17 7.41 (2.81, 19.5) <0.001 1 16.40

FDG-PET− / Anxiety & Irritab.− 902 78 1.00 (ref. group) 0.53 1.00 (ref. group) 0.55
FDG-PET+ / Anxiety & Irritab.− 327 91 2.44 (1.79, 3.33) <0.001 1 31.65 2.29 (1.67, 3.13) <0.001 1 26.61
FDG-PET− / Anxiety & Irritab.+ 13 1 1.57 (0.22, 11.4) 0.65 1 0.20 1.38 (0.19, 10.0) 0.75 1 0.10
FDG-PET+ / Anxiety & Irritab.+ 9 3 1.84 (0.57, 5.88) 0.30 1 1.05 1.57 (0.49, 5.02) 0.45 1 0.57

FDG-PET− / Depr. & Nightt. beh.− 891 74 1.00 (ref. group) 0.07 1.00 (ref. group) 0.06
FDG-PET+ / Depr. & Nightt. beh.− 322 89 2.47 (1.80, 3.38) <0.001 1 31.31 2.33 (1.70, 3.21) <0.001 1 27.04
FDG-PET− / Depr. & Nightt. beh.+ 13 3 4.46 (1.38, 14.4) 0.013 1 6.24 4.00 (1.23, 13.0) 0.021 1 5.34
FDG-PET+ / Depr. & Nightt. beh.+ 9 2 1.99 (0.48, 8.20) 0.34 1 0.90 1.63 (0.39, 6.81) 0.50 1 0.45

FDG-PET− / Apathy & Irritab.− 901 76 1.00 (ref. group) 0.36 1.00 (ref. group) 0.33
FDG-PET+ / Apathy & Irritab.− 330 90 2.43 (1.78, 3.32) <0.001 1 31.06 2.28 (1.67, 3.13) <0.001 1 26.23
FDG-PET− /Apathy & Irritab.+ 14 3 4.40 (1.37, 14.2) 0.013 1 6.16 3.93 (1.22, 12.7) 0.022 1 5.24
FDG-PET+ / Apathy & Irritab.+ 6 4 4.98 (1.54, 16.0) 0.007 1 7.23 3.95 (1.21, 12.9) 0.023 1 5.20

Abbreviations: FDG-PET+ = Participants with regional brain glucose hypometabolism; FDG-PET− = Participants with normal regional brain glucose metabolism; HR = Hazard ratio; 95% CI = 95% confidence interval; p indicates significance; df = degree of freedom; X2 = Wald Chi-squared; ref. group = Reference group. Results based on Cox proportional hazards models. Wald Chi-squared test was used to test for multiplicative interaction (df = 1). Model 1 adjusted for age (as the time scale), sex, education, and APOE ε4 status. Model 2 additionally adjusted for medical comorbidity and antidepressant medication intake.