Table 2.

Sociodemographic, descriptive, psychological, social, and behavioral differences depending on whether the participant has left home during lockdown or not.

Question	Leaving home		Leaving home		Not leaving		Testa	p	Effect
	without discomfort		in discomfort		home				sizeb
	(Group 1, n = 232)		(Group 2, n = 132)		(Group 3, n = 164)
How old are you? (years)	68.56 (5.90)		67.48 (4.91)		71.66 (8.33)		17.24	0.001	0.06
	N	%	N	%	N	%
Gender
Male	105	45.3	42	31.8	40	24.4	12.29	0.001	0.19
Female	127	54.7	90	68.2	124	75.6
What is your educational level?
Primary	16	6.9	9	6.8	46	28	47.71	0.001	0.21
Secondary	39	16.8	22	16.7	16	9.8
Professional training	25	10.8	17	12.9	23	14
University studies	152	65.5	84	63.6	79	48.2
Do you live alone?
Yes	68	29.3	31	23.5	23	14	12.65	0.002	0.15
No	164	70.7	101	76.5	141	86
Do you have any open space (garden, terrace, balcony) at home?
Yes	144	62.1	83	62.9	111	67.7	1.41	0.493	0.05
No	88	37.9	49	37.1	53	32.3
Did you participate in any cultural, recreational or rehabilitation activity for old adults?
Before lockdown, but not currently	64	27.6	40	30.3	51	31.1	1.71	0.789	0.04
Before lockdown and currently	83	35.8	51	38.6	61	37.2
Neither before lockdown nor currently	85	36.65	41	23.0	52	31.7
During the lockdown, have you done more physical activity than before?
More	157	67.7	94	71.2	96	58.5	6.84	0.145	0.08
Same	56	24.1	30	22.7	48	29.3
Less	19	8.2	8	6.1	20	12.2
During the lockdown, have you had more intellectual activity than before?
More	26	11.2	27	20.5	27	16.5	11.85	0.018	0.11
Same	133	57.3	75	56.8	105	64.0
Less	73	31.5	30	22.7	32	19.5
Have you changed your diet?
Healthier	13	5.6	17	12.9	10	6.1	10.71	0.030	0.10
No changes	189	81.5	90	68.2	126	76.8
Less healthy	30	12.9	25	18.9	28	17.1
Have you left the house wearing a mask?
Yes	157	67.7	100	75.8		2.65	0.104	0.09
No	75	32.3	32	24.2
Have you left the house wearing gloves?
Yes	151	65.15	108	81.8		11.48	0.001	0.18
No	81	34.9	24	18.2
Has anyone taught you how to use the mask and gloves correctly?
Yes	146	62.9	84	63.6		0.02	0.893	0.01
No	86	37.1	48	36.4
During the lockdown, have you made more phone calls or video calls?
Yes	194	83.6	108	81.8	136	82.9	0.193	0.908	0.02
No	38	16.4	24	18.2	28	17.1
During lockdown, have you received more calls/video?
Yes	191	82.3	110	83.3	138	84.1	0.23	0.891	0.02
No	41	17.7	22	16.7	26	15.9
Approximately, how many close friends or close family do you have?	13.82 (12.69)	14.03 (13.42)	12.90 (11.84)	0.37	0.692	0.00
Has this situation given you a more pessimistic view of your immediate future?
Yes	81	34.9	85	64.4	73	44.5	29.60	0.001	0.17
Indifferent	33	14.2	10	7.6	19	11.6
No	118	50.9	37	28	71	43.9
Do you think your physical health will get worse?
Yes	27	11.6	26	19.7	35	21.3	19.55	0.001	0.14
Indifferent	32	13.8	34	25.8	24	14.6
No	173	74.6	72	54.5	105	64
Do you think your family life will get worse?
Yes	27	11.6	30	22.7	23	14	9.03	0.060	0.09
Indifferent	23	9.9	15	11.4	18	11
No	182	78.4	87	65.9	123	75
Do you think your social relationships will get worse?
Yes	56	24.1	53	40.2	59	36	13.97	0.007	0.12
Indifferent	19	8.2	13	9.8	10	6.1
No	157	67.7	66	50	95	57.9
Do you think the pandemic will have any beneficial effect?
Yes	43	18.5	28	21.2	30	18.3	3.91	0.418	0.06
Indifferent	38	16.4	14	10.6	18	11
No	151	65.1	90	68.2	116	70.7
Resilient coping (BRCS)	10.34 (2.62)	9.91 (3.07)	10.17 (2.68)	1.03	0.357	0.00
Positive feelings (SPANE-P)	10.40 (4.69)	8.74 (4.17)	10.31 (4.83)	6.12	0.002	0.02
Negative feelings (SPANE-N)	6.35 (2.23)	7.58 (3.11)	6.89 (2.81)	8.98	0.001	0.03

Results are shown as mean, and standard deviation (in brackets), or frequency and percentage. BRCS, Brief Resilient Coping Scale; SPANE-P, Scale of Positive and Negative Experience—Positive feelings; SPANE-N, Scale of Positive and Negative Experience—Negative feelings.

^aF(2, 525), and χ² (2, 528).

^b${\eta }_p^2$ with F, Cramer's V with χ².