Table 1.
Summary of plasma metabolites induced by exercise.
| Metabolites | Classes of metabolites | Subjects | Exercise protocol | Main tissue(s) of origin | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| α-Ketoglutaric acid | A product of glycolysis | Mouse | Acute resistance exercise (ladder-climbing) | Skeletal muscle | Yuan et al., 2020 |
| Human | 26.2-mile marathon | Brugnara et al., 2012 | |||
| Short-term intensive exercise | Lewis et al., 2010 | ||||
| β-Aminoisobutyric acid | A product of pyrimidine metabolism | Human | Short-term intensive exercise | Skeletal muscle | Stautemas et al., 2019 |
| Mouse | 3 week free wheel running exercise | Roberts et al., 2014 | |||
| Kynurenic acid | A product of tryptophan metabolism | Human | Endurance exercise (a 150-km road cycling time trial) | Skeletal muscle | Schlittler et al., 2016 |
| Mouse | 8 weeks of free wheel running | Agudelo et al., 2014 | |||
| β-Hydroxybutyrate | A product of the normal metabolism of fatty acid | Mouse | 4 weeks of free wheel running | Liver | Sleiman et al., 2016 |
| Human | Acute exercise (Treadmill running) | Kim et al., 2013 | |||
| Lactate | A product of anaerobic glycolysis | Human | Short-term intensive exercise | Skeletal muscle | Juel et al., 1990 |
| Mouse | Acute exercise (Treadmill running) | Lonbro et al., 2019 | |||
| 12,13-Dihydroxy-9Z-octadecenoic | A product of linoleic acid metabolism | Human | Acute exercise (cycle ergometer) | Brown adipose tissue | Stanford et al., 2018 |