Fig. 10.

Various PLL-coated nanomaterials for bio-sensing. (A) The self-assembly of PLL onto graphene surfaces via hydrophobic interaction, protonated amine-π interaction, and electrostatic interaction. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [254], copyright 2013, The Royal Society of Chemistry. (B) Attachment of 2D phosphorene on the working surface of screen-printed electrodes (SPEs) by electrodeposition in the presence of PLL. The SPEs were bio-modified with haptoglobin antibodies to develop a haptoglobin detecting device. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [263], copyright 2018, IOP Publishing Ltd.. (C) PLL-coated LC droplets for sensitive detection of DNA. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [264], copyright 2017, American Chemical Society. (D) Construction of distinct maleimide density of PLL-OEG-Mal polymers immobilized on substrates for sensitive detection of cDNA. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [265], copyright 2018, American Chemical Society.