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. 2020 Apr 13;71(10):e672–e679. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciaa396

Table 1.

Characteristics of Youth Living With Perinatally Acquired Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Youth Without Human Immunodeficiency Virus

YLPHIV (n = 431) Youth Without HIV (n = 93) P
n Values n Values
Demographics
 Age,a years 431 14.1 (12.8, 15.5) 93 13.9 (12.1, 15.3) .21
 Femaleb 431 213 (49.4) 93 53 (57.0) .19
Tobacco use in last 12 monthsb 427 9 (2.1) 92 2 (2.2) .97
Growth measures
 Height-for-age z scorea 422 −1.25 (−2.03, −0.55) 89 −0.74 (−1.37, 0.06) <.01
 Weight-for-age z scorea 429 −0.83 (−1.63, −0.03) 92 −0.13 (−0.83, 0.75) <.01
 BMI-for-age z scorea 421 −0.21 (−0.95, 0.58) 89 0.39 (−0.56, 1.26) <.01
 Waist circumference,a cm 428 66 (62, 70) 91 69 (62, 76) .02
 Hip circumference,a cm 427 76 (71, 83) 92 84.5 (73.5, 91.5) <.01
 Mid-thigh circumference,a cm 425 39 (36, 42) 92 43 (38, 47) <.01
 Midupper arm circumference,a cm 429 22 (20, 24) 91 23 (21, 26) <.01
Waist to hip ratiob
 Female 211 0.84 (0.80, 0.89) 51 0.82 (0.78, 0.87) .01
 Male 216 0.89 (0.86, 0.92) 40 0.85 (0.82, 0.89) <.01
Blood pressure,a mmHg
 Systolic 431 104 (97, 111) 93 107.5 (103, 115) <.01
 Diastolic 431 67 (61, 71) 93 69.5 (64, 73.5) .01
 Elevated blood pressureb 431 93
 Normal 366 (84.9) 75 (80.7) .306
 High 65 (15.1) 18 (19.4)
Tanner stageb 416 91
 1 63 (15.1) 12 (13.2) .75
 2 78 (18.8) 16 (17.6)
 3 87 (20.9) 25 (27.5)
 4 103 (24.8) 21 (23.1)
 5 85 (20.4) 17 (18.7)
Laboratory measures
 hs-CRP,a mg/L 422 1.09 (0.5, 3.5) 91 0.69 (0.3, 2.1) .01
 Triglycerides,a mmol/L 417 0.9 (0.7, 1.2) 88 0.6 (0.5, 0.8) <.01
 Hypertriglyceridemiab 54 (17.3) 1 (1.9) <.01
 Total cholesterol,a mmol/L 417 4.0 (3.5, 4.7) 89 3.5 (3.2, 4.1) <.01
 Hypercholesterolemiab 42 (10.1) 1 (1.1) .01
 LDL,a mmol/L 417 2.1 (1.8, 2.7) 87 1.9 (1.5, 2.2) .01
 High LDLb 14 (4.5) 1 (1.9) .39
 HDL,a mmol/L 417 1.4 (1.2, 1.7) 89 1.3 (1.1, 1.7) .16
 Low HDLb 35 (8.4) 9 (10.1) .60

All continuous variables are expressed as medians (interquartile range) or means (SD) and categorical variables as n (%).

Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; HDL, high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; hs-CRP, highly sensitive C-reactive protein; LDL, low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol; YLPHIV, youth living with perinatally acquired HIV.

aContinuous variable.

bCategorical variable.