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Expression of IL‐1α, IL‐8, and MMP‐13 by Ca9‐22 and CAL‐27 cells treated with eCig liquid. Ca9‐22 (a–c) and CAL‐27 (d–f) cells were treated as indicated and conditioned cell culture media was screened for IL‐1α(a and d), IL‐8 (b and e), and MMP‐13 (c and f). Secreted protein concentrations were obtained in quadruplicate and statistically different values are noted as *p < .05
