Table 2.

Pathogenesis of IMN

Podocytes' autoantigens	PLA2R, THSD7A, NEP, SOD2, AR, NELL-1
Planting antigens	Cationic BSA
Complement system activation	Classical pathway, MBL pathway, alternative pathway
Gene polymorphism	PLA2R1, HLA, MYH9, STAT4, TNF-α, NPHS1, PAL-1, uPA

IMN, idiopathic membranous nephropathy; THSD7A, thrombospondin type-1 domain-containing 7A; NEP, neutral endopeptidase; SOD2, superoxide dismutase 2; AR, aldose reductase; NELL-1, neural epidermal growth factor-like 1 protein; BSA, bovine serum albumin; MBL, mannose-binding lectin; PLA2R1, phospholipase A2 receptor 1; HLA, human leukocyte antigen; MYH9, myosin heavy chain 9; STAT4, signal transducer and activator of transcription 4; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α.