Table 3.
Age-adjusted cancer mortality rates that are elevated among foreign-born individuals, by race/ethnicity: United States 2005–2014.a
Source: National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) & American Community Survey.
| Elevated cancers among foreign-born individuals, by race/ethnicity | US-born | Foreign-born | Rate ratiob (99.92% CI) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. of cases | Average annual rate (99.92% CI) | No. of cases | Average annual rate (99.92% CI) | ||
| Overall | |||||
| Nasopharynx | 4839 | 0.17 (0.16, 0.18) | 1635 | 0.34 (0.31, 0.37) | 2.01* (1.82, 2.21) |
| Kaposi sarcoma | 360 | 0.01 (0.01, 0.02) | 107 | 0.03 (0.02, 0.04) | 1.94* (1.31, 2.90) |
| Stomach | 87,135 | 3.05 (3.01, 3.08) | 24,583 | 5.56 (5.44, 5.68) | 1.82* (1.78, 1.87) |
| Gallbladder | 16,785 | 0.58 (0.57, 0.60) | 3690 | 0.86 (0.81, 0.91) | 1.47* (1.38, 1.56) |
| Acute lymphocytic leukemia | 11,874 | 0.43 (0.42, 0.45) | 2321 | 0.55 (0.51, 0.60) | 1.27* (1.16, 1.39) |
| Liver and intrahepatic bile duct | 167,460 | 5.69 (5.64, 5.73) | 31,097 | 7.04 (6.91, 7.18) | 1.24* (1.21, 1.27) |
| Thyroid | 14,025 | 0.49 (0.47, 0.50) | 2554 | 0.60 (0.56, 0.64) | 1.22* (1.14, 1.32) |
| Non-Hispanic White | |||||
| Kaposi sarcoma | 255 | 0.01 (0.01, 0.01) | 44 | 0.02 (0.01, 0.05) | 2.33* (1.27, 5.26) |
| Stomach | 61,252 | 2.53 (2.49, 2.56) | 8022 | 5.18 (4.99, 5.39) | 2.05* (1.97, 2.14) |
| Gallbladder | 13,151 | 0.54 (0.52, 0.55) | 1110 | 0.70 (0.63 0.78) | 1.30* (1.17, 1.45) |
| Non-Hispanic Black | |||||
| Gallbladder | 2336 | 0.87 (0.81, 0.93) | 305 | 1.13 (0.91, 1.39) | 1.30* (1.04, 1.62) |
| Non-Hispanic API | |||||
| Liver and intrahepatic bile duct | 1300 | 6.76 (6.13, 7.44) | 11,581 | 10.84 (10.49, 11.20) | 1.60* (1.45, 1.78) |
| Nasopharynx | 121 | 0.62 (0.44, 0.83) | 1101 | 0.91 (0.82, 1.01) | 1.47* (1.07, 2.10) |
| Gallbladder | 99 | 0.53 (0.36, 0.73) | 782 | 0.78 (0.69, 0.88) | 1.48* (1.04, 2.20) |
| Hispanic | |||||
| Gallbladder | 965 | 0.87 (0.78, 0.97) | 1485 | 1.06 (0.97, 1.16) | 1.22* (1.06, 1.41) |
| Melanoma of the skin | 826 | 0.67 (0.59, 0.76) | 1290 | 0.85 (0.77, 0.94) | 1.26* (1.08, 1.49) |
| Acute lymphocytic leukemia | 1642 | 0.65 (0.59, 0.72) | 1399 | 0.77 (0.69, 0.86) | 1.19* (1.02, 1.38) |
*
The Bonferroni adjustment was performed to account for multiple comparisons: p < 0.0008.
a
Rates are age-adjusted to 2000 standard U.S. population and shown per 100,000.
b
US-born were used as a reference group to generate rate ratios.