Table 4. Summary of dietary intake among children in Malawi at baseline (dry season) according to mother-child dyad.
Total (n = 274) | Overweight Mother, Overweight Child (n = 74) | Overweight Mother, Normal Weight Child (n = 120) | Normal Weight Mother, Overweight Child (n = 80) | P-value1 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total calories per day | 1306 ±886 | 1327 ±977 | 1380 ±861 | 1175 ±831 | 0.25 |
Percent calories from carbohydrate | 56.8 ±11.3 | 58.8 ±12.0 | 54.8 ±11.8 | 58.0 ±9.3 | 0.006 |
Percent calories from fat | 33.0 ±11.4 | 31.0 ±12.2 | 35.6 ±11.6 | 31.1 ±9.8 | <0.001 |
Percent calories from protein | 10.1 ±3.3 | 10.2 ±3.1 | 9.6 ±3.0 | 10.9 ±3.9 | 0.05 |
Grains, g/day | 326 ±241 | 352 ±249 | 307 ±251 | 330 ±217 | 0.32 |
Roots/tubers, g/day | 37 ±95 | 35 ±60 | 41 ±48 | 34 ±58 | 0.03 |
Vegetables, g/day | 124 ±109 | 113 ±86 | 125 ±79 | 134 ±122 | 0.38 |
Fruits, g/day | 36 ±73 | 49 ±116 | 30 ±37 | 34 ±62 | 0.31 |
Legumes and nuts, g/day | 105 ±109 | 109 ±123 | 107 ±101 | 99 ±110 | 0.63 |
Meat and eggs, g/day | 27 ±36 | 32 ±53 | 26 ±29 | 24 ±27 | 0.73 |
Fish, g/day | 17 ±21 | 19 ±24 | 16 ±20 | 17 ±18 | 0.52 |
Dairy, g/day | 52 ±108 | 52 ±145 | 58 ±97 | 44 ±81 | 0.76 |
Oil/fat, g/day | 14 ±13 | 12 ±13 | 17 ±15 | 11 ±11 | 0.01 |
Snacks, g/day | 53 ±73 | 52 ±70 | 60 ±80 | 45 ±62 | 0.57 |
Sweets, g/day | 98 ±146 | 109 ±189 | 113 ±144 | 67 ±90 | 0.08 |
Values are mean ±SD.
1 P-value from Kruskal-Wallis H test (non-parametric alternative to one-way analysis of variance).