Table 2. Dietary profile of the study population by PD status (values are mean ± SD or n (%)).
| Characteristic | PD Cases (n = 634) | Controls (n = 532) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Fisher’s exact test | |||
| BMI | |||
| Customary | 25.8±3.9 | 25.8±4.1 | 0.841* |
| Current | 26.0±4.2 | 26.5±4.3 | 0.071* |
| Fruit consumption | 0.351 | ||
| Never | 1 (0.2) | 4 (0.8) | |
| Once a month | 6 (0.9) | 6 (1.1) | |
| Once a week | 93 (14.7) | 67 (12.6) | |
| Once a day | 532 (83.9) | 447 (84.0) | |
| Vegetable consumption | 0.042 | ||
| Never | 3 (0.5) | 1 (0.2) | |
| Once a month | 9 (1.4) | 6 (1.1) | |
| Once a week | 186 (29.3) | 119 (22.4) | |
| Once a day | 434 (68.5) | 397 (74.6) | |
| Meat consumption | 0.040 | ||
| Never | 26 (4.1) | 28 (5.3) | |
| Once a month | 63 (9.9) | 63 (11.8) | |
| Once a week | 486 (76.7) | 407 (76.5) | |
| Once a day | 56 (8.8) | 26 (4.9) | |
| Fish consumption | 0.549 | ||
| Never | 19 (3.0) | 12 (2.3) | |
| Once a month | 134 (21.1) | 100 (18.8) | |
| Once a week | 468 (73.8) | 400 (75.2) | |
| Once a day | 10 (1.6) | 12 (2.3) | |
| Cold cuts consumption | 0.014 | ||
| Never | 41 (6.5) | 40 (7.5) | |
| Once a month | 117 (18.5) | 113 (21.2) | |
| Once a week | 394 (62.1) | 334 (62.8) | |
| Once a day | 79 (12.5) | 37 (7.0) | |
| Coffee consumption | 0.061 | ||
| Never | 71 (11.2) | 48 (9.0) | |
| Once a month | 21 (3.3) | 12 (2.3) | |
| Once a week | 22 (3.5) | 8 (1.5) | |
| Once a day | 518 (81.7) | 456 (85.7) | |
| Coffee consumption (cups/Day) | 0.120 | ||
| 0–1 | 259 (40.9) | 187 (35.2) | |
| 2 | 207 (32.6) | 174 (32.7) | |
| ≥3 | 166 (26.2) | 162 (30.4) | |
| Missing | 2 (0.3) | 9 (1.7) | |
| Tea consumption | 0.361 | ||
| Never | 257 (40.5) | 239 (44.9) | |
| Once a month | 168 (26.5) | 130 (24.4) | |
| Once a week | 86 (13.6) | 69 (13.0) | |
| Once a day | 121 (19.1) | 86 (16.2) | |
| Cola consumption | 0.043 | ||
| Never | 321 (50.6) | 297 (55.8) | |
| Once a month | 189 (29.8) | 156 (29.3) | |
| Once a week | 77 (12.1) | 50 (9.4) | |
| Once a day | 44 (6.9) | 21 (3.9) | |
| Wine consumption | 0.147 | ||
| Never | 138 (21.8) | 141 (26.5) | |
| Occasionally | 242 (38.2) | 194 (36.5) | |
| Yes | 253 (39.9) | 194 (36.5) | |
| Beer consumption | 0.381 | ||
| Never | 253 (39.9) | 232 (43.6) | |
| Occasionally | 352 (55.5) | 277 (52.1) | |
| Yes | 27 (4.3) | 19 (3.6) |
*t-test.