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. 2020 Nov 17;12(22):22564–22581. doi: 10.18632/aging.103830

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Copyright: © 2020 Zhao et al.

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

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GDF-15 is aberrantly elevated in pancreatic cancer tissues and blood, and correlates with disease progression. (A) Detection of GDF-15 protein levels by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in 7 normal pancreatic tissues and 21 pancreatic cancer tissues. (B) GDF-15 protein expression was determined via Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) in 20 normal blood and 34 pancreatic cancer blood. (C) Kaplan-Meier curves for overall survival time of patients with pancreatic cancer after surgical resection. The high and low GDF-15 protein expression was based on the average value of GDF-15 protein expression in pancreatic cancer patients’ blood samples. ***P<0.0001.