Table 4.
Regional end-expiratory pleural and transpulmonary pressures
| Parameter | Therapy | ANOVA (P=) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Group | Mode | 20′ | 40′ | 60′ | Seq | Group | Mode | Time | Mixed |
| PPvent (cmH2O) | 0.073 | 0.994 | 0.022 | 0.437 | 0.116 | ||||
| Norm | VCV | 0.1 ± 2.6 | − 0.1 ± 2.7 | − 0.0 ± 3.2 | 0.076 | 0.866 | 0.256 | ||
| FCV | − 1.3 ± 3.6 | − 1.0 ± 3.4 | − 0.2 ± 3.5 | ||||||
| Hypo | VCV | 0.3 ± 0.7 | − 0.6 ± 2.4 | − 0.3 ± 2.9 | 0.161 | 0.327 | 0.288 | ||
| FCV | − 0.7 ± 2.1 | − 0.9 ± 3.0 | − 0.3 ± 1.7 | ||||||
| PPdors (cmH2O) | 0.054 | 0.079 | 0.975 | 0.045 | 0.744 | ||||
| Norm | VCV | − 1.9 ± 3.1 | − 1.5 ± 4.1 | 0.1 ± 3.0 | |||||
| FCV | − 1.0 ± 3.1 | − 1.6 ± 3.7 | − 0.8 ± 2.9 | ||||||
| Hypo | VCV | 0.9 ± 0.7 | 0.6 ± 1.5 | 1.1 ± 0.8 | |||||
| FCV | − 0.3 ± 3.2 | 0.6 ± 0.9 | 1.1 ± 0.8 | ||||||
| PPcaud (cmH2O) | 0.754 | 0.109 | 0.211 | 0.202 | 0.447 | ||||
| Norm | VCV | − 0.2 ± 3.2 | − 0.7 ± 3.5 | 0.1 ± 3.3 | |||||
| FCV | − 1.8 ± 4 | − 0.8 ± 3.4 | − 0.0 ± 3.4 | ||||||
| Hypo | VCV | 1.0 ± 2.0 | 1.9 ± 1.4 | 1.7 ± 1.3 | |||||
| FCV | 1.3 ± 1.6 | 1.5 ± 1.4 | 1.5 ± 1.6 | ||||||
| TPvent (cmH2O) | 0.103 | 0.970 | 0.262 | 0.461 | 0.076 | ||||
| Norm | VCV | 5.4 ± 2.5 | 5.6 ± 2.8 | 5.4 ± 3.1 | |||||
| FCV | 5.8 ± 3.5 | 5.3 ± 3.2 | 4.5 ± 3.2 | ||||||
| Hypo | VCV | 5.11 ± 0.7 | 6 ± 2.4 | 5.7 ± 2.8 | |||||
| FCV | 5.22 ± 2.2 | 5.4 ± 3.0 | 4.8 ± 1.6 | ||||||
| TPdors (cmH2O) | 0.092 | 0.098 | 0.347 | 0.036 | 0.984 | ||||
| Norm | VCV | 7.3 ± 3.0 | 7.0 ± 4.4 | 5.3 ± 2.8 | |||||
| FCV | 5.8 ± 3.5 | 5.5 ± 3.2 | 5 ± 2.7 | ||||||
| Hypo | VCV | 4.5 ± 0.6 | 4.8 ± 1.6 | 4.3 ± 0.8 | |||||
| FCV | 4.9 ± 2.8 | 3.9 ± 0.8 | 3.36 ± 1.3 | ||||||
| TPcaud (cmH2O) | 0.626 | 0.060 | 0.839 | 0.311 | 0.953 | ||||
| Norm | VCV | 5.8 ± 3.0 | 6.1 ± 3.6 | 5.3 ± 3.2 | |||||
| FCV | 6.6 ± 4.4 | 6.0 ± 3.9 | 5.6 ± 4.4 | ||||||
| Hypo | VCV | 4.4 ± 1.9 | 3.5 ± 1.3 | 3.7 ± 1.2 | |||||
| FCV | 3.2 ± 1.8 | 3.0 ± 1.6 | 3.0 ± 2.0 | ||||||
Values in mean ± standard deviation; Statistical P values according to linear mixed-effects repeated measures ANOVA with within subject factors: mode of ventilation (volume or flow-controlled ventilation) and time of therapy in minutes; and between subject factors group of therapy (normovolaemia or hypovolaemia) and randomization sequence (volume or flow-controlled ventilation first). Significance was accepted for P < 0.05. Statistical analysis was performed in R statistical programming language and the package lme4
FCV flow-controlled ventilation, VCV volume-controlled ventilation, PIPvent end-expiratory ventral pleural pressure, PIPdors end-expiratory dorsal pleural pressure, PIPcaud end-expiratory caudal pleural pressure, TPvent end-expiratory ventral transpulmonary pressure, TPdors end-expiratory dorsal transpulmonary pressure, TPcaud end-expiratory caudal transpulmonary pressure