Table 3.

Estimated societal costs of problem gambling in Sweden in 2018 (million €). Sums do not sum up due to rounding

Type of cost	Estimated costs (million €)
A. Direct costs
A.1. Treatment and care
Treatment of gambling problems	3.82
Treatment of consequences of gambling problems	71.90
A.2. Debt counseling and management
Debt counseling	1.61
Debt management	6.10
A.3. Crime and legal costs
Police	8.57
Courts	1.06
Prisons	2.13
A.4. Prevention, research, and regulation
Prevention	1.27
Research	1.24
Regulation	0.42
A.5. Other direct costs
Divorce	0.24
Recruitment	85.56
Homelessness	n.e.
B. Indirect costs
B.1. Reduced workplace productivity	70.64
B.2. Absence from work	0.62
B.3. Unemployment	641.70
B.4. Premature death	119.14
C. Intangible costs
C.1. Physical violence
Gambler	23.58
Household members	38.58
C.2. Emotional distress
Gambler	116.33
Household members	196.95
C.3. Harm to crime victims	27.95
Sum of costs	1419.42

N. e. = not estimated