Table 1.
Baseline clinical characteristics and etiology.
| Parameter | Total (n = 202) | Survivors (n = 165) | Non-survivors (n = 37) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age in years | 5 (2.5, 8) | 5 (2.5, 8) | 3 (2,7) | 0.11 |
| Boys, n (%) | 109 (54) | 91 (55.2) | 18 (48.6) | 0.47 |
| Weight in kg | 15 (11.2, 21) | 16 (12, 23) | 13 (10, 20) | 0.06 |
| Weight in Z score | −1.4 (−2.4, −0.6) | −1.4 (−2.3, −0.6) | −1.7 (−2.5, −0.6) | 0.25 |
| PRISM III | 8 (5, 12) | 7 (5, 10) | 15 (11, 18) | 0.001 |
| Duration of illness in days | 5 (4, 7) | 6 (4, 7) | 5 (3, 8) | 0.24 |
| Clinical features, n (%) | ||||
| Fever | 202 (100) | 165 (100) | 37 (100) | 1.0 |
| Edema | 88 (43.6) | 72 (43.6) | 16 (43.2) | 0.96 |
| Abdominal pain | 80 (39.6) | 70 (42.4) | 10 (27) | 0.08 |
| Fast breathing | 46 (22.8) | 40 (24.2) | 6 (16.2) | 0.29 |
| Altered sensorium | 47 (23.3) | 25 (15.2) | 22 (59.5) | 0.0001 |
| Seizures | 35 (17.3) | 21 (12.7) | 14 (37.8) | 0.0001 |
| Purpuric rash | 39 (19.3) | 30 (18.2) | 9 (24.3) | 0.39 |
| Bleeding manifestations | 61 (30.2) | 45 (27.3) | 16 (43.2) | 0.05 |
| Oliguria | 16 (7.9) | 13 (7.9) | 3 (8.1) | 0.96 |
| Hepatomegaly | 155 (76.7) | 128 (77.6) | 27 (73) | 0.55 |
| Splenomegaly | 68 (33.7) | 55 (33.3) | 13 (35.1) | 0.83 |
| Etiology, n (%) | ||||
| Scrub typhus | 59 (29.2) | 48 (29.1) | 11 (29.7) | 0.94 |
| Dengue | 41 (20.3) | 37 (22.4) | 4 (10.8) | 0.11 |
| Malaria | 12 (5.9) | 10 (6.1) | 2 (5.4) | 0.88 |
| Enteric fever | 7 (3.5) | 6 (3.6) | 1 (2.7) | 0.78 |
| Japanese encephalitis | 1 (0.5) | 1 (0.6) | 0 (0) | 0.63 |
| No specific diagnosis | 69 (34.2) | 51 (30.9) | 18 (48.7) | 0.03 |
| Dual seropositivity and/or coinfections, n (%) | ||||
| Dengue and scrub typhus | 11 (5.4) | 10 (6.1) | 1 (2.7) | 0.69 |
| Malaria and scrub typhus | 2 (1.0) | 2 (1.2) | 0 (0) | 0.5 |
All values expressed as Median (IQR).
PRISM, Pediatric Risk of Mortality.